轻薄型回收金属撕拉破碎试验研究及结果分析  

Experimental Investigation and Result Interpretation of Snapping with Tearing Process on Light Metal Scrap

作　　者：周红权[1] 刘剑雄[1] 杨邦成[2] 侯杰[2] 伞红军[1] 樊瑜瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学土木工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第8期59-66,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50974068)

摘　　要：为解决报废汽车及家用电器的破碎回收问题,对轻薄型回收金属摆锤式破碎过程进行研究,结果发现撕裂与撕拉为其主要破碎模式;利用自制工具对轻薄型回收金属进行撕拉试验,获得撕拉破碎模式下材料的载荷-位移曲线,期间试件预穿刺孔舌形化直边两侧裂纹历经了多次失稳、扩展和松弛,舌形化直边产生了多次局部折叠变形,试件整体发生了横纵两方向的折弯,且大块轻薄型回收金属碎片被从其母体上撕拉下来;通过计算,得到轻薄型回收金属的撕拉破碎功及各种弹塑性弯曲功;与裤腿撕裂试验结果比对可知,虽然撕拉的能耗较撕裂稍高,但易于建立的边界条件及大块的撕拉碎片更有利于降低破碎过程的综合能耗;研究结果为报废汽车及家用电器的破碎回收利用提供一定的理论依据。To find solutions to shredding and recovery of end-of-life vehicles and household appliances, through analyzing the working process of the pendulum crusher on light metal scrap, the result show that snapping with tearing and tear are both maln modes of shredding;Snapping with tearing test is completed by self-made testing tools, the load-displacement curve of light metal scrap on this kind of shredding mode is obtalned; In the test process, micro-cracks on both sides of the pre-puncture hole with tongue-shaped stralght edge undergo repeatedly the process of instability, extension and stress relaxation; tongue-shaped stralght edge emerges repeatedly local folding deformation, transverse and longitudinal bending in two directions happened on every specimen, and large pieces of fragments of the light metal scrap are torn off from its mother body; By calculating, various elastic-plastic work of bending deformation and shredding work are obtalned. Comparing with the result of tearing test, snapping with tearing mode need higher energy consumption, but the boundary condition is easy to build and large pieces of fragments are more advantageous to reduce the comprehensive energy consumption. The calculation results provide some certaln theoretical foundation for better research of recycling scrapped automobiles and household appliances.

关 键 词：轻薄型回收金属 撕拉 撕裂 弹塑性弯曲功 

分 类 号：X734[环境科学与工程—环境工程]