甲状腺内鳃裂囊肿3例临床病理学观察  

Characteristics of intrathyroidal branchial cleft cyst: a clinicopathological analysis of three cases

作　　者：陈博[1] 吴焕文[1] 孟云霄[1] 刘彤华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院病理科,北京100730

出　　处：《诊断病理学杂志》2015年第5期260-263,共4页Chinese Journal of Diagnostic Pathology

摘　　要：目的探讨甲状腺内鳃裂囊肿的临床病理特征、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法对3例甲状腺内鳃裂囊肿的临床表现、组织形态等进行观察,并复习相关文献。结果 3例患者年龄分别为64、62及39岁,均无不适主诉,为体检发现。病变最大径分别为1、0.8和0.7 cm。肉眼均为质地偏软的灰粉色结节,其中1例可见囊性区。镜下可见病变为一囊性区,囊壁内衬复层鳞状上皮或假复层柱状上皮,纤维囊壁内有大量淋巴样组织并形成淋巴滤泡。结论甲状腺内鳃裂囊肿非常罕见,临床很容易误诊或漏诊,明确诊断需要借助组织病理学检查,手术彻底切除是唯一有效的根治方法。Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics of intrathyroidal branchial cleft cyst. Methods Three cases of intrathyroidal branchial cleft cyst were studied with histopathological staining, and its clinical and pathological findings were analyzed with review of the literature. Results The patients （64, 62 and 39 years old, respectively） were all diagnosed by physical check-up without any signs and symptoms. The lesions measured 10, 8, and 7 mm in the largest diameter, respectively. Grossly, all the lesions were soft nodules on cut surface, with cystic change in 1 case. Histologically, the lesion was cystic lined by nonkeratinized squamous epithelium or pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The fibrous wall showed lymphocytic infiltration and lymphoid follicles in the subepithelial tissue. Conclusions Intrathyroidal branchial cleft cyst is extremely rare and therefore is easily misdiagnosed. Its diagnosis is based on distinctive histopathology. Surgical excision is the only way to remove the lesion.

关 键 词：甲状腺 鳃裂囊肿 临床病理特征 

分 类 号：R581.3[医药卫生—内分泌]