丹江口库区舒家岭旧石器遗址发掘简报  

A Preliminary Report on the Excavation of the Shujialing Paleolithic Site in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region

作　　者：李意愿[1,2] 高成林[2] 向开旺[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学考古文博学院,北京100871 [2]湖南省文物考古研究所,长沙410008

出　　处：《人类学学报》2015年第2期149-165,共17页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

摘　　要：舒家岭旧石器时代遗址位于丹江口库区丹江口市,2012年3~7月间,湖南省文物考古研究所对该遗址进行了抢救性考古发掘,揭露面积2784m2,出土石制品1954件;另采集石制品51件。古人类就地取材,选择河卵石为原料,石制品以大、中型为主。石制品类型包括石器、石核、石片、石锤、断块和备料。石器多以砾石为毛坯,由锤击法加工而成,制作相对粗糙、简单;大部分为正向加工;类型主要为砍砸器、刮削器和手镐。该遗址表现出中国南方旧石器时代主工业的鲜明特点,为研究晚更新世古人类在汉水流域的适应生存、开发过程提供了重要的资料。The Shujialing Paleolithic site, buried in the third terrace of the right bank of the Hanshui River, is located in Shujialing village, Niuhe town, Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province. As a salvage archeological project, the site was excavated from March to July 2012 by the staff of the Institute of Hunan Provincial Archaeological and Cultural Relics. This excavation exposed an area of about 2784m2, and 1954 stone artifacts were unearthed form the site. Fifty-four stone artifacts were also surface collected from the site.The stone assemblage includes cores （n= 158）, flakes （n=294）, chunks （n=437）, raw material types （n=942）, hammers （n= 12） and retouched tools （n= 111）. About seven kinds of rawmaterials are utilized in core reduction and tool manufacture, with quartz being the predominant type（49.8% of the assemblage. The principal flaking technique is direct hammer percussion without core preparation. Three kinds of blanks for tool fabrication are pebbles, flakes and chunks, with pebbles being the predominant type. There are five retouched tool classes identified： choppers, scrapers, picks, points and cleavers that are all retouched by direct hammer percussion. According to the survey, lithic raw materials were locally available from ancient riverbeds close to the site. Generally the extent of raw material consumption was low judging from the characters of cores and flakes. Picks and choppers are large and medium in size, while the scrapers and points are small. In general, the stone tool assemblage shows close associations with the Pebble Tool Industry （Main Industry） in South China. Compared to previous periods, more light-body tools including scrapers were more common as was the amount of quartz. Geomorphological and chronological comparison with other sites indicates that the age of this site is late Pleistocene, namely the Middle Paleolithic. The Hanshui River region is situated in a transitional area between the two main industries of north and south China, an important region f

关 键 词：丹江口库区 舒家岭 石制品 晚更新世 汉水流域 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]