职业卫生达标环境铅作业人员血铅和血锌原卟啉的变化  

The changes of blood lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin of occupational lead workers from lead eligible workplace

作　　者：何晓庆[1] 罗进斌 裘淑华 盛建荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]金华市疾病预防控制中心,浙江金华321002

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第8期1247-1249,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：金华市科学技术局研究计划项目(2012-3-066)

摘　　要：目的了解职业卫生达标环境铅作业人员血铅(PbB)和血锌原卟啉(ZPP)的变化。方法选择金华市某蓄电池厂149名铅作业人员为研究对象,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定空气中铅烟和铅尘的浓度,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定PbB的浓度,用ZPP-3800型血液锌卟啉仪测定ZPP的浓度。结果经蓄电池行业整治后该生产车间岗位铅烟、铅尘的超标率为0,149名铅作业人员的PbB浓度为53μg/L^593μg/L,超标19人,超标率为12.8%;ZPP浓度为0.09μmol/L^9.95μmol/L,超标36人,超标率为24.2%。女性工人的PbB和ZPP超标率>男性工人。不同工龄铅作业工人的PbB和ZPP超标率差异无统计学意义。男性铅作业工人的PbB浓度和ZPP浓度有相关性,而女性工人无相关性。结论职业卫生达标环境铅作业人员的健康监护也不容忽视,建议对铅作业工人开展PbB和ZPP的联合检测。Objective To investigate concentrations of the blood lead （PbB） and blood zinc protoporphyrin （ZPP） among occu- pational exposure workers from lead eligible workplace. Methods 149 workers in a batter factory were chosen as subjects in Jinhua. The lead concentration in workplace air was detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometry; The PbB level was detec- ted by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; The ZPP concentration was detected by ZPP -3800 zinc protoporphyrin instrument. Results The over standard rate of the lead in workplace air was zero after renovation in battery industry. The PbB levels of 149 workers were 53 μg/L -593 μg/L, and the abnormity rate was 12.8% （19 workers）. The levels of ZPP were during 0.09 μmol/L - 9.95 μmol/L, and the abnormity rate was 24.2% （36 workers）. The female abnormity rates of PbB and ZPP were higher than those of male. The over rates differences of PbB and ZPP were not statistically significant. The concentra- tion of PbB was related with the concentration of ZPP in male workers, but not in female workers. Conclusion The health sur- veillance of workers in lead eligible workplace should be paid attention, and suggesting the combined detection of PbB and ZPP for occupational lead exposure workers.

关 键 词：血铅 血锌原卟啉 职业接触 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]