松嫩平原盐渍化水田土壤表观电导率空间变异研究  

Spatial variation of apparent electrical conductivity of saline-sodic paddy soils in the Songnen Plain

作　　者：杨帆[1] 安丰华[1] 王志春[1] 杨洪涛[1] 赵长巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2015年第5期614-619,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划重大项目(KZCX3-XB3-16);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB150802);国家自然科学基金项目(41071022;41101034)资助

摘　　要：运用电磁感应仪EM38结合GPS定位,以盐渍化水田为研究对象,通过经典统计学和地统计学相结合的方法研究了盐渍土区新开水田表观电导率的空间变异特征,分析了土壤表观电导率与土壤盐碱指标关系。结果表明,经典统计分析土壤水平方向表观电导率(ECh)与垂直方向表观电导率(ECv)均为中度空间变异强度,且符合正态分布。地统计分析表明,ECh和ECv均具有强空间相关性,其变异特征主要是由结构性因素引起的,半方差拟合最优模型为指数模型。且ECh和ECv空间分布在一定范围内存在相似性,均表现为不同表观电导率的土壤呈斑块和条带状镶嵌分布。Pearson分析显示,土壤表观电导率与盐碱化指标土壤电导率(EC1︰5)和碱化度(ESP)呈正相关关系(P<0.05),相关系数大于0.8。回归分析表明,土壤表观电导率与EC1︰5和ESP均为指数函数关系,决定系数大于0.76。ECh与土壤盐碱化指标相关系数和决定系数均大于ECv,因此可以用水平方向土壤表观电导率ECh来反映土壤的盐碱化程度。该研究可以为土壤盐分空间变异理论与盐碱地改良实践相结合的研究思路提供理论基础,为盐碱地实施定位、定区清除或消减土壤盐碱的均质化改良技术提供数据支持。The Songnen Plain is one of the largest saline-sodic soil regions in not only China but whole World. The saline-sodic soils in the plain have high spatial variability in soil salinity and sodicity. This heterogeneity has made it very difficult to use the saline-sodic soils for large scale paddy rice production in the region. The objective of this study was to investigate the degree of spatial variability and structural variance of soil apparent electrical conductivity in the plain. The study also determined the relationships between soil apparent electrical conductivity and soil-water extract electrical conductivity （EC1：5） and then soil sodicity （ESP） using Pearson regression analysis. Soil salinity and spatial variability were measured using EM38 （electromagnetic induction） and GPS （global position system） systems in saline-sodic paddy soils in the plain. The data were then analyzed using classical statistical and geo-statistical techniques. Classical statistical analysis suggested that ECh （soil apparent electrical conductivity in the horizontal direction） and ECv （soil apparent electrical conductivity in the vertical direction） had moderate spatial variation with normal distribution curves. However, geo-statistical analysis showed that ECh and ECv had strongly spatial auto-correlation due to compound impact of structural factors. The optimal model of empirical semivariograms used to simulate ECh and ECv was the exponential model. The spatial distribution maps interpolated with Kriging apparently showed similar spatial distributions of ECh and ECv. Based on Pearson correlation, it was noted that soil EC1：5 and ESP were significantly correlated with ECh and ECv, with coefficients of correlation greater than 0.8. Regression analysis showed exponential function relations between ECh and ECv and between EC1：5 and ESP, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.76. Comparison of soil apparent electrical conductivity in the vertical and horizontal directions suggested that the co

关 键 词：空间变异 EM38 土壤表观电导率 土壤电导率 土壤咸化度 盐渍化水田 松嫩平原 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]