16份菊芋种质苗期耐盐碱性筛选与综合鉴定  

Comprehensive identification of saline-alkaline tolerance of 16 Jerusalem artichoke accessions at seedling stage

作　　者：赵俊香[1] 任翠梅[2] 吴凤芝[1] 刘守伟[1] 王殿奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,大庆163316

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2015年第5期620-627,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：大宗蔬菜产业技术体系专项(CARS-25)资助

摘　　要：对16份菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus L.)的耐盐碱能力进行评价,筛选出较耐盐碱胁迫的菊芋种质,可为盐碱地利用菊芋提供理论依据。采用盆栽试验,以混合盐碱模拟典型盐碱胁迫环境,在幼苗期以150 mmol·L-1混合盐碱(Na2CO3︰Na HCO3︰Na Cl︰Na2SO4的摩尔比为5︰23︰9︰5)溶液处理16份菊芋种质,研究混合盐碱胁迫对植株地上部干鲜重、地下部干鲜重、叶片脯氨酸含量、SOD活性和MDA含量等指标的影响,通过模糊数学隶属函数法和主成分分析法对菊芋材料进行耐盐碱性综合评定,并进行聚类分析。结果表明:经主成分分析,地上鲜重、全株干重和脯氨酸含量的负荷量最大,可以作为菊芋苗期耐盐碱性筛选的主要鉴定指标。通过模糊数学隶属函数法对不同菊芋材料进行耐盐碱性排序,不同菊芋间耐盐碱性表现出明显差异,最后通过聚类分析,将16份菊芋种质分为四大类,第1类:菊芋2号和3号在胁迫下表现良好,耐盐碱性最好;第2类:菊芋4号、16号(Taiyangdao)和11号(Qingyu001)耐盐碱性较好;第3类:菊芋5号、6号等10份材料为中等耐盐碱类型;第4类:菊芋9号耐盐碱性最弱。Soil salinization and alkalinization frequently co-occur in nature. The interactive effects of salt and alkali stress on plants are more complex and serious, greatly limiting crop production. However, the comprehensive effect of salt and alkali stress on crops remains largely unclear. Screening and cultivating salt-tolerant plants are the most efficient way of exploiting saline-alkaline soils. Jerusalem artichoke （Helianthus tuberosus L.） has long been considered as a highly promising biological energy material with a considerable tolerance to saline-alkaline soils. The objective of this study was to explore the response of 16 Jerusalem artichoke accessions to saline-alkaline stress at seedling stage, and to screen salt-tolerant accessions for cultivation of saline-alkaline lands and provide critical guidance for the management of saline-alkaline soils. To that end, two neutral salts （NaCl and Na2SO4） and two alkali salts （NaHCO3 and Na2CO3） were mixed with mole ratio of 5：23：9：5 to simulate typical saline-alkaline stress. The 16 Jerusalem artichoke accessions were cultivated in plastic pots in a controlled environment chamber. The half-strength Hoagland solution without exogenous saline-alkaline was used as the control. The half-strength Hoagland solution supplemented with 150 mmol·L^-1 saline-alkaline mixture was as the treatment. The shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, SOD activity, and MDA and proline contents were measured after 7 days treatment. The saline-alkaline resistance of different Jerusalem artichoke accessions was evaluated by the fuzzy mathematics method of membership function, principal component analysis （PCA） and clustering analysis （CA）. PCA showed that shoot fresh weight, plant dry weight and proline content were the most significant factors, and recommended as the main indexes for identifying saline-alkaline tolerance of Jerusalem artichoke at seedling stage. The degrees of salt-tolerance of 16 Jerusalem artichoke accessions were different. The 1

关 键 词：菊芋 苗期 混合盐碱胁迫 耐盐碱性 隶属函数 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S632.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]