绿色低碳视角下中国区域创新效率研究  

Regional Innovation Efficiency in China from the Green Low-carbon Perspective

作　　者：曹霞[1] 于娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年第5期10-19,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"产学研合作创新网络演化机理;模型及政策研究"(编号:71473055);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划"产学研合作创新的知识管理研究"(编号:NCET-11-0825);教育部人文社会科学研究项目"产学研合作创新网络的演化研究"(编号:14YJA630002);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"公平条件下基于责能指数的初始碳排放权分配研究"(编号:11YJC790252)

摘　　要：绿色低碳已成为时代的主题,如何有效推进绿色科技创新以及改善中国目前的生态环境状况,对推动中国经济的健康可持续高速发展具有重要的意义。从绿色环保、低碳节能的角度出发,结合投影寻踪模型处理高维数据的特点,对随机前沿模型进行改进,从而构建了更加有效的估算创新效率的测度模型。在此基础上,选用2005-2011年中国30个省市地区的面板数据对中国各区域创新效率及影响因素进行实证分析,结果表明:中国区域平均创新效率约为0.645,虽然超过0.5,但仍然存在较大的无效率现象,创新效率有待于进一步的提高,且创新效率存在显著的区域异质性,各区域发展不均衡。同时,环境规制强度与创新效率呈"U"型关系,表明环境规制初期,由于成本的增加,会对创新效率产生负向影响,但随着时间的推移,环境质量得到改善,又会促进创新效率的提升;区域开放程度、技术市场成熟度和政府资助这三个因素对绿色创新效度均具有积极的推动作用,这说明较高的区域开放程度能够显著拉动中国创新效率向更高水平发展,成熟的技术市场有利于科技成果市场价值的实现并推动创新效率的提高,政府资助可有效降低区域绿色创新主体的创新成本和风险,激发其进行创新的积极性,对创新效率的提升具有显著影响。因此,要想有效提高中国及各区域的创新效率和社会经济的健康可持续发展,应当重视创新资源的有效利用,生态环境的改善,积极推进绿色创新技术,一方面要均衡经济增长与生态环境的协调发展,另一方面要积极引进并学习国外先进绿色创新技术,同时还要充分发挥政府作用来调控各区域创新能力的失衡现象。Green carbon has become the theme of our era. Promoting green technological innovation and improving ecological environment are of great significance for the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese economy. From the perspectives of green environment and low-carbon economy, this paper improved stochastic frontier analysis model by combining with the projection pursuit model which is charactered with data reduction. Therefore, a more validate efficiency measurement model was built. On this basis, the study analyzed innovation efficiency and its affecting factors based on the panel data of 30 provincial regions in China from 2005 to 2011. Results show that the average innovation efficiency in China is 0. 645, a little bit higher than 0. 5. However, a large area of non-efficient still existed, where innovation efficiency has to be improved. Moreover, the innovation efficiency shows significantly regional heterogeneity, which presents the phenomenon of unbalanced development. In addition to the innovation efficiency, the influencing factors of innovation efficiency were examined. Results show that the relationship between strength of environmental regulation and innovation efficiency is a U-shaped curve, which shows that at the beginning of environmental regulations it has a negative impact on innovation efficiency due to the increasing cost, however, it has positive impacts on innovation efficiency with environmental improvements. The degrees of openness, the maturity of technology market and government funding have positive impacts on innovation efficiency, which show that the higher degrees of openness can help push innovation efficiency to a higher level, the maturity of technology market will contribute to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and innovation efficiency, and government funding may reduce innovation costs and risks of innovation subjects and stimulate their enthusiasm in order to improve innovation efficiency. Thus, to improve innovation efficiency and the sustainab

关 键 词：绿色 低碳 创新效率 投影寻踪模型(PP) 随机前沿分析模型(SFA) 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]