中国采矿占损土地驱动因子及治理资金效益定量研究  

Quantitative Study on Driving Factors of Land Occupied or Destructed by Mining and Efficiency of Remediation Funds

作　　者：郑娟尔[1,2,3] 姚华军[1,2,3] 袁国华[1,3] 冯春涛[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源经济研究院,北京101149 [2]中国地质大学人文经管学院,北京100083 [3]国土资源部资源环境承载力评价重点实验室,北京101149

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年第5期67-74,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国土资源部软科学研究项目"资源型城市城镇化进程中土地利用政策研究"(编号:201306)

摘　　要：本文采用panel data模型和空间分析方法对我国采矿占损土地的时空分布、影响因素和资金使用效益进行了定量研究。2003-2012年,我国矿山累计占用和破坏土地面积呈增加趋势,治理任务繁重。以31个省(市)10年数据开展的计量研究表明,当年和上一年采掘业固定资产投资的增加会对当年采矿占损土地面积的增加起显著正向作用,当年及上一年治理总资金的增加会显著提高本年恢复治理面积。由于历史遗留问题严重,现有治理资金无法对累计采矿占损土地面积的下降起显著作用。同时,研究结果还表明,中央财政专项资金起到了拉动地方财政和企业投入矿区环境整治的积极性,并对当年恢复治理面积的增加起到了显著作用。建议进一步完善矿山地质环境恢复治理保证金制度,从源头上减少采矿占损土地,加大资金投入并提高资金使用效率,积极吸纳社会资本参与矿区土地综合整治,大力发展矿山环境保护和土地复垦新技术,加强公众监督。In this paper, panel data model and spatial analysis were used to analyze the features and driving factors which contributed to China’ s land occupied or destructed by mining, accompanied with efficiency analysis on remediation funds. During the period of 2003 to 2012, cumulative land occupied or destructed by mining were increasing, so we faced heavy remediation tasks. A quantitative study with 31 provinces （ cities） shows that, the increased of fixed assets investment on mining industry that very year and the previous year would bring the increase of the cumulative land occupied or destructed by mining that year significantly, the total funds on remediation by that year and previous year also would increase that year ’ s restoration area significantly. But due to the serious historical problems, the existing fund is unable to affect the cumulative land occupied or destructed by mining significantly. The study also shows that, the funds input for remediation of the mine environment have stimulated local financial input and business investment on mine environment remediation, and have positive effects on the restored land that year. This paper suggests that deposit system for restoration should be improved;funds on land reclamation and the efficiency of fund utilization should be increased;mechanism should be innovated to absorb social capital into the general remediation of land occupied or destructed by mining; new technology on land reclamation should be vigorously developed;and public supervision on mining land reclamation should be enhanced.

关 键 词：采矿用地 矿山地质环境恢复治理 土地整治 资金使用效益 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] F301.0