单胃动物营养学的动态概念及其发展  

Research progress and development of concept of the dynamic nutrition in monogastric animals

作　　者：吴信[1] 印遇龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2015年第3期321-326,共6页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD39B03);中国科学院现代农业示范与区域创新集群计划(CXJQ120113)

摘　　要：生物体内的生物化学反应是按一定规律、持续不断进行的动态过程。营养物质是维持生命体物质组成和生理机能不可缺少的要素,也是生命活动的物质基础。随着对动物营养需求动态变化规律认识和养分生物学效价评定知识的不断深入,研究人员发现机体对营养物质的消化、吸收和利用存在明显的空间分布差异,且机体对营养的消化代谢等方面的生理活动表现出典型的周期性变化。以猪为代表的单胃动物,其消化器官在夜间的机能状态和基础代谢率低于白天;在营养物质代谢受生物钟节律性调控的同时,机体的营养物质也影响生物钟节律性的代谢活动。营养物质在动物机体内的代谢是复杂而系统的生理活动,这使机体内环境的营养水平保持相对的动态平衡。本文针对单胃动物动态营养学的概念、理论基础和科学意义等方面进行分析讨论,旨在为单胃动物动态营养学的研究和应用提供理论基础和指导。Biological and chemical reactions are carrying out continuously and following certain rules at all times in organisms. Nutrients maintain the material composition and physiology of the indispensable elements of life forms, but also the material basis of life activities. With the gradual deepening understanding on dynamic changes of animal nutrition and the knowledge of assessment on biological valence of nutrients, the researchers find that nutrients digestion,absorption and utilization shows significant differences on spatial distribution in the body,. Moreover, the physiological activities such as digestion and metabolism of nutrient present cyclical variety. Compared to daytime, organs＇ digestive function and basal metabolism decline in the nighttime in monogastric animals such as pigs. Metabolism of nutrients is a complex and unified physical activity so that nutrient levels remain relatively homeostasis. Feed ingredients nutrition requirements for the biological potency of extremely accurate assessment of real-time dynamic progress, and the nutrient feelings, digestion, absorption and utilization has certain periodicity. In this paper, we briefly outline the concept,scientific worth, theoretical foundation and practice of dynamic nutrition in animal nutrition as well as human nutrition firstly, to provide the theoretical basis and guidance for research and application of dynamic nutrition in monogastric animals.

关 键 词：动物营养 动态营养 代谢 生物钟 

分 类 号：S815[农业科学—畜牧学]