一般人群对健康知识需求的调查和分析  

An investigation and analysis of demands on health knowledge in general population

作　　者：申动[1] 陈清[1] 俞守义[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院,广州市510515

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2015年第9期1542-1545,共4页The Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解目前一般人群对健康知识的需求状况及其影响因素。方法:2014年10月,采用便利抽样方法,抽取15岁以上一般人群700人,对其进行问卷调查,收集其人口学及对健康知识需求的信息。采用SPSS 17.0分析数据。结果:应答人数653人,应答率为93.3%,其中男339人(51.9%),女314人(48.1%),男女性在年龄、学历以及自觉健康状况上差异没有统计学意义。有86.6%的人表示对了解健康知识有兴趣,学历和年龄是影响对健康知识兴趣的因素。分别有65.8%和72.3%的人希望了解实用性的西医和中医医学知识,最为关心的健康问题为心脑血管疾病问题;在获取知识的偏好途径方面,选择率最高的是电视(平均44%),尤其在60岁组人群中,选择率达63.8%;报刊杂志在各年龄组中也有较高的选择率(平均34.5%),年轻人倾向选择网络和微信途径(50%左右);各年龄组最信任的知识传播者均为大医院专家(60%以上),其次是退休老专家(42.7%),对有自身经验的患者也有一定信任率,且信任率随年龄的增加而增加。结论:未来对一般人群开展健康教育应注重人群的特点和知识的实用性,而且应注重中西医结合、传统媒体和新媒体相结合、权威医学专家和实例相结合。Objective To understand the current status of health knowledge demands and its associated factors in general population. Methods A questionnaire-based survey by convenience sampling method was carried out in 700 subjects aged over 15 years old in October 2014. Information of demographics and health knowledge demands were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Results A total of 653 subjects were responded, with a response rate of 93.3%. Respondents in male and female were 339 （51.9%） and 314 （48.1%） respectively. There were no differences among age , educational levels and self-reported health status between the two genders 86.6% of the participants showed that they had interests in health knowledge. Educational level and age were the factors associated with the interests. 65.8% and 72.3% of people want to get practical health knowledge of western and traditional Chinese medicine respectively. The top concern of health issues were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. For preferred ways of learning health knowledge , television is the favorite one （44%）, especially in elderly （over 63.8%）. A relative high option rate was newspaper and magazine in all age groups. However, young people showed that they preferred the ways of the internet and ＆quot;Wechat＆quot; （about 50%）. For health disseminators, the participants in all age had greatest trust in experts in large hospitals （over 60%）. The second option was retired old experts. The experienced patients were convinced in some degree and increased with age. Conclusions In future, health education in general population should considered the characteristics of the population and the applicability of knowledge. Besides , it is necessary to integrate traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine, traditional media with new media, also authoritative experts and living example.

关 键 词：一般人群 健康知识 需求 调查研究 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]