污泥停留时间(SRT)对除磷效果及酸杆菌群落结构的影响  

Influence of Sludge Retention Time(SRT) on Phosphorus Removal and Microbial Community Structure of Acidobacteria

作　　者：李恺[1] 孙宝盛[1] 范艳明[2] 薛圆圆[1] 王明圆[1] 薛世琼 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]唐山市规划建筑设计研究院,唐山063000

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2015年第5期643-651,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点项目(No.07JCZDJC02100)

摘　　要：酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)是序批式生物反应器(sequencing batch reactors,SBR)中重要的除磷微生物,对污水中磷的去除有着不容忽视的作用。污泥停留时间(sludge retention time,SRT)是SBR设计运行的重要参数,当SRT发生变化时,SBR除磷效果也会发生变化。本研究通过调整SBR系统污泥龄分别为10、15、20和30 d,考察系统对磷的去除效果,并应用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,PCR-DGGE)技术,探索活性污泥中酸杆菌群落结构变化规律。研究表明,SRT为10、15、20和30 d时,总磷的去除率分别为90%、74%、52%和31%,SRT为10 d时去除效果最好,短污泥龄更有利于总磷的去除;酸杆菌对污泥龄条件的改变较为敏感,优势种群更替频繁,SRT为10 d时多样性指数高达0.87,到30 d时,降到最低的0.81,多样性指数随着污泥龄增长而下降,说明酸杆菌更适合在短污泥龄环境下生存。Acidobacteria is an important phosphorus removal bacteria in the sequencing batch reactors （SBR） system, and its effects on phosphorus removal process should not be ignored. Sludge retention time （SRT） is an essential parameter of the design and operation of the SBR process. If the SRT changed, the phosphorus removal effect of SBR would also change. In order to inspect the phosphorus removal effect, the SRT of SBR system was tested for 10, 15, 20 and 30 d. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） was used to analyze the microbial community structure of acidobacteria in the activated sludge. The results indicated that the removal rate of total phosphorus reached 90%, 74%, 52% and 31% at the sludge of 10, 15, 20 and 30 d, respectively. The removal effect was the best at the sludge of 10 d, and short sludge age was more advantageous to the total phosphorus removal. Acidobacteria was sensitive to the changes of the sludge age conditions, and the dominant strains of the Acidobacteria changed frequently. The diversity index reached 0.87 at the sludge of 10 d, and dropped to 0.81 at the sludge of 30 d. The results indicate that theAcidobacteria is more adapting to the environment of long sludge age.

关 键 词：污泥停留时间(SRT) 序批式生物反应器(SBR) PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE) 酸杆菌 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]