我国近期钢筋混凝土高层建筑火灾事故统计分析  

Statistical Analysis of Fire Accidents of RC High-rise Buildings in China

作　　者：孙春辉[1] 吴凡[1] 陈龙珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船建学院安全与防灾工程研究所,上海200240

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2015年第1期132-136,共5页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：上海市科委应用技术开发项目(2011-114);上海市人才发展资金项目(2011058)资助

摘　　要：近20年来,我国高层建筑数量剧增。其一旦发生火灾,扑救十分困难,极易导致严重人员伤亡和财产损失。本文扼要介绍了我国1997~2011年高层建筑火灾事故的变化趋势,并对1992~2011年100例典型的钢筋混凝土高层建筑火灾事故进行了较为系统的统计分析。结果表明,我国东部地区高层建筑火灾事故的严重性高于中西部地区;28层以内的钢筋混凝土高层建筑发生火灾相对较多;建设期违章电焊、运营期电气设备及线路故障、用火不慎,是高层建筑发生火灾事故的3大主因;冬春季、星期日和10∶00~18∶00是相对容易发生火灾的时间;中毒窒息则是火灾造成人员死亡的主要原因。The number of high-rise buildings in China has been increased rapidly in 20 years. Be- cause of the difficulty of fire put-out for such buildings, it easily leads to serious loss of properties and casualties once fire accidents happen. The paper briefly introduces the trend of fire incidents in high-rise buildings during 1997-2011, and statistically analyzes 100 typical fire cases of rein- forced concrete buildings in the same period. The results show that, the severity of fire incidents happened in east area of China is higher than that happened in mid and west areas of China; Fire incidents in the buildings of 28 and less stories take significant amount; Careless usage of fire, improper welding during construction period, and the problems of electricity equipment and wir- ing during operation period are 3 major reasons for the incidents; Winter and spring seasons, 10： 00--18：00 and Sunday are the time relatively easy to have the incidents; And smoke suffocation is the main reason to lead to fire casualties.

关 键 词：高层混凝土建筑 火灾事故 烟囱效应 统计分析 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]