团体心理干预对糖尿病患者心理和生理状况的影响  

Effects of group psychological intervention on the physiological and psychological state of elderly patients with diabetes

作　　者：余慧慧[1] 雷震[2] 路翠艳[1] 江虹[1] 王淑康[1] 潘芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学医学院医学心理系,山东济南250012 [2]莱芜市人民医院,山东莱芜271100

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2015年第5期89-94,共6页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：2012年山东大学自主创新基金(2012JC035);高校院所自主创新基金(201202051)

摘　　要：目的探讨团体心理干预对社区老年糖尿病患者心身状况的影响。方法采用老年焦虑量表(GAI),老年抑郁量表(GDS),D型人格量表(DS)和社会支持量表(SSRS)对71例患者进行焦虑、抑郁、D型人格和社会支持状况测评,同时检测血糖(FBG)和唾液皮质醇(SC)水平。患者随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组进行5次以心身放松为主要内容的团体心理干预,对照组不干预。干预后即刻测试上述指标,6个月后随访测试心理指标。结果与对照组相比,干预组GAI、GDS、消极情绪(NA)和SC水平显著低于对照组,SSRS总分显著高于对照组。干预组干预后即刻和6个月随访时GAI、GDS、DS得分显著低于干预前,SSRS总分显著高于干预前。干预6个月后GAI、GDS和SSRS得分明显好于干预后即刻。FBG与DS显著正相关;SC与GAI显著正相关,与SSRS显著负相关。结论心身放松明显改善老年糖尿病患者的心理和生理状况,且对焦虑、抑郁和社会支持的改善可维持6个月。Objective To explore the effects of group psychological intervention on physiological and psychological state of elderly patients with diabetes. Methods A total of 71 elderly patients with diabetes living in one community were randomly divided into the intervention group and control group. The intervention group received 5 sessions of group psychological intervention, while the control group had no intervention. All patients were assessed with rating scales including the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory （ GAI）, Geratric Depression Scale （ GDS ）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Type D personality scale （DS）. Fasting blood-glucose （FBG） and saliva cortisol （SC） before and after intervention were detected. All patients were retested with mental rating scales 6 months after intervention. Results After intervention, the scores of GDS, GAI, negative affectivity （NA） and SC level were significantly lower, while SSRS score was higher than that of the control group. Immediately after intervention, the scores of GAI, GDS and two dimensions of DS decreased and the SSRS score increased. Furthermore, the decreased negative emotions and increased social support of the intervention group persisted after 6 months. The level of blood glucose was positively related with DS score, and SC level was significantly positively correlated to GAI but negatively to SSRS score. Conclusion Group psychological intervention can improve the mental and physiological status of elderly diabetic patients, and the improved state can maintain at least six months.

关 键 词：老年人 糖尿病 团体心理干预 心理状况 皮质醇 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]