奥运会我国游泳优势项目群的研究——基于与世界游泳强国的比较  

Research on advantageous event-groups of Chinese swimming in the Olympic Games——Compared with world powers on swimming

作　　者：辛锋[1] 杨献南[2] 支强[1] 

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院体育系,山西忻州034000 [2]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《山东体育科技》2015年第2期43-48,共6页Shandong Sports Science & Technology

基　　金：山西省体育局科研课题(编号:14yb114)

摘　　要：运用文献资料、逻辑分析及数理统计等方法,以第25~30届奥运会各国游泳运动项目奖牌数为依据,以比较优势理论为工具,对奥运会游泳运动强国优势项目群动态变化进行对比分析。研究结果表明：第25~30届奥运会我国游泳队经历了＂高潮—低谷—高潮＂的＂V型＂发展脉络;各游泳强国不同优势项目群其比较优势指数亦不同;优势项目群与美国重叠最多,与日本重叠最少,蝶泳是与其他游泳强国重叠最少的项目群;在蝶泳项目群上,美国呈现出稳定的发展态势,其地位不可撼动,而澳大利亚却呈现出逐渐下滑的发展态势;在短距离自由泳项目群上,美国短距离自由泳项目群绝对优势指数虽不稳定,但其波动性较小。俄罗斯一直呈现出低水平发展的态势。而法国和荷兰绝对优势指数一直攀升,成为我国的主要竞争对手,对我国形成了巨大的冲击。Using literature,logical analysis and mathematical statistics,based on national swimming medals of the 25-30th Olympic Games and by means of comparative advantage theory,it analyzes dynamic changes of advantageous event-groups of swimming of power nations in the Olympic Games.The results show that swimming team in our nation has experienced ＆quot;V＆quot;type development,namely ＆quot;high -low -high＆quot;in the 25-30th Olympic Games.The comparative index of world swimming power with respectively advantageous event-groups is different.China has the largest overlapping with the United States and the smallest with Japan in advantageous event-groups.Compared with other nations,the event-groups with the least overlapping is butterfly.In the event-groups of butterfly,the United States shows the steady trend of development and its position cannot be shaken.Instead,the Australia presents a declining trend.The United States＇absolute advantage index of short distance freestyle event-groups is not stable but its fluctuation is very little,and Russia has always showed a low level development trend.Rather,the absolute advantage index is always increasingly climbing in France and Holland,which have become our main competitors and formed huge influence on us.

关 键 词：中国 比较优势 游泳 世界强国 绝对优势 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]