2004-2013年毕节市甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析  

Analysis on Epidemic Characteristics of Viral Hepatitis A in Bijie City from 2004 to 2013

作　　者：刘宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]毕节市疾病预防控制中心,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第10期1745-1747,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解毕节市2004-2013年甲型病毒性肝炎的流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法根据传染病报告信息管理系统数据,对2004-2013年毕节市甲肝疫情进行描述流行病学分析。结果毕节市2004-2013年累计报告甲肝病例6 394例,年均发病率为9.46/10万。高发县为威宁、金沙、黔西,3个县报告病例数占全市总病例数的66.94%。除流行年份有春季、夏秋季发病高峰外,平常年份无明显季节性发病高峰。近50%的病例为<15岁儿童,病例主要为学生、农民和散居儿童,三者占总病例数的86.48%。2004-2013年共发生甲肝突发公共卫生事件5起,报告病例1 936例,占总病例数的30.28%,是导致毕节市甲肝发病率周期性波动及季节性变化的主要原因。结论近年来,毕节市甲肝发病率虽然已控制在较低水平,但仍要警惕暴发疫情的发生。必须继续抓好甲肝疫苗常规接种,加大入学入托查验接种证工作力度,提高疫情监测敏感性,及时发现和处置聚集性病例。Objective This study aimed to understand the epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis A in Bijie City from 2004 to2013 in order to provide a basis for preparing the prevention and control strategy. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the epidemic situation of hepatitis A in Bijie city from 2004 to 2013 according to data of infectious disease report management information system. Results There were 6394 cases of reported hepatitis A in Bijie city from 2004 to 2013, and the average annual incidence was 9.46/100, 000. Weining, Jinsha and Qianxi counties had high prevalence of hepatitis, and the sum of cases reported in the three counties accounted for 66.94% of total reported cases in the whole city. Incidence peaked in spring, late summer and early autumn in the epidemic year, but there was no seasonal pattern in regular years. Nearly 50% cases occurred to children aged less than 15 years. In addition, most cases occurred to students, peasants and scattered children, and the sum of the three accounted for 86.48% of total cases. A total of 5 public health emergent events of hepatitis A occurred from 2004 to 2013, and there were 1936 reported cases which accounted for 30.28% of total cases. Therefore, public health emergent events became the main causes of periodical fluctuation and seasonal change in Hepatitis A incidence in Bijie city. Conclusion In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis A in Bijie city has been controlled at a low level, but we should still be vigilant over the occurrence of epidemic outbreak. Moreover, it is necessary to continue the routine immunization of hepatitis A, to enhance vaccination certificate checking at primary school and nursery registration, to improve epidemic monitor and timely handle clustered cases.

关 键 词：甲型病毒性肝炎 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]