2009-2014年邢台市新型甲型H1N1流感病原学监测分析  

Analysis on the surveillance of influenza A(H1N1) in Xingtai from 2009 to 2014

作　　者：孙伟明[1] 陈风阳[1] 杨度华[1] 董江华[1] 庞俊华[1] 任卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]邢台市疾病预防控制中心,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第10期1869-1871,1885,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2009-2014年邢台市新型甲型H1N1流感流行情况,为科学预防和控制流感提供依据。方法采集2009年6月-2014年5月流感样病例（ILI）的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测B型流感病毒核酸,以每年6月至次年5月为监测周期进行统计分析。结果 5个监测周期采集ILI咽拭子标本分别为1 392、513、642、628和1 185份,新型甲型H1N1流感病毒阳性率分别为10.13%、3.31%、0.00%、6.69%和6.50%,阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=85.04,P〈0.05）。5个监测周期中有4个新型甲型H1N1流感流行期,分别为2009年9月-2010年2月、2010年12月-2011年2月、2012年12月-2013年3月和2013年12月-2014年2月,高峰期分别为2009年12月、2011年1月、2013年1月、2014年1月,阳性率分别为32.82%、11.76%、26.67%和29.82%,其中2011年6月至2012年5月未流行。0～、5～、15～、25～和60岁～年龄组阳性率分别为5.53%、6.26%、9.01%、5.97%和3.90%,各年龄组之间阳性率有统计学差异（χ^2=13.34,P〈0.05）。15岁～年龄组阳性率最高,60岁～年龄组阳性率最低。结论新型甲型H1N1流感病毒呈现出季节性流行的特点。除2009年外,邢台市新型甲型H1N1流感流行期一般在冬季,高峰期出现在1月份左右,5岁～和15岁～年龄组为易感人群。为更好防控流感,及时掌握流行趋势,仍需加强监测。Objective The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiological tendency of influenza A（H1N1） in Xingtai from2009 to 2014, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swabs of influenza-like illness（ILI） cases were collected from May 2009 to June 2014. The nucleic acid of influenza A（H1N1） viruses was examined by real-time PCR. Surveillance data from June to next May was analyzed statistically. Results There were 1392, 513,642, 628 and 1185 throat swab specimens collected in five surveillance cycles, with the positive rate of 10.13%, 3.31%, 0.00%,6.69% and 6.50%, respectively. And there were significant differences（χ^2=85.04, P〈0.05）. There were four epidemic periods of influenza A（H1N1） in five surveillance cycles, including period from September 2009 to February 2010, period from December2010 to February 2011, period from December 2012 to March 2013 and period from December 2013 to February 2014,respectively. The peaks of the four epidemic periods were December 2009, January 2011, January 2013, and January 2014, with the positive rate of 32.82%, 11.76%, 26.67% and 29.82%, respectively. The positive rate for the age groups of 0～, 5～, 15～, 25～ and60～ were 5.53%, 6.26%, 9.01%, 5.97% and 3.90%, respectively. Conclusion The epidemic of influenza A（H1N1） happened in winter except for 2009. Approximately, influenza A（H1N1） reached the peak in January each year in Xingtai. Age groups of 5～ and15～ were at high risk. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance so as to further prevent and control influenza and know the trends of the epidemic in time.

关 键 词：新型甲型H1N1 病原学 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]