舰艇服役人员呼吸系统疾病发病情况及相关因素调查分析  

Survey and analysis on the incidence of respiratory system diseases and the related factors among the personnel in a warship

作　　者：邹晓丰[1] 李玉森[2] 王晓东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军疾病预防控制中心,北京101113 [2]中国人民解放军海军舟山舰艇岸勤部卫生防疫检验所

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第6期659-661,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：军队后勤科研项目(CHJ12H023)

摘　　要：目的调查分析舰艇人员呼吸系统疾病发病情况及其相关因素,为舰艇环境下呼吸系统疾病的防控提供依据。方法使用自行设计的《舰艇呼吸系统疾病流行病学调查问卷》对某舰艇158名服役人员呼吸系统疾病发病情况及其相关因素进行调查,使用SPSS19.0对调查结果进行相关性分析。结果舰艇人员呼吸系统疾病发病率从高到低排序依次为:普通感冒160.76%(254/158);慢性咽炎75.32%(119/158);急性扁桃体炎22.78%(36/158)和急性气管-支气管炎3.80%(6/158),年龄与急性扁桃体炎的发病率呈正相关(r=0.138,P=0.042);舰艇服役时间与慢性咽炎(r=0.202,P=0.005)和急性扁桃体炎(r=0.135,P=0.045)的发病率正相关;年执行任务时间与急性扁桃体炎(r=0.159,P=0.023)和急性气管-支气管炎(r=0.142,P=0.037)的发病率正相关;居住在风机通风舱室人员急性气管-支气管炎的发病率显著高于居住在自然通风舱室的人员(χ2=12.105,P=0.002)。结论舰艇服役人员呼吸道传染病以普通感冒、慢性咽炎、急性扁桃体炎和急性气管-支气管炎发病率较高。年龄、舰艇服役时间、每年执行任务时间、居住环境的通风方式是舰艇人员常见呼吸道系统疾病的相关因素。Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence of respiratory system diseases and the relevant factors among the personnel in a warship so as to provide references for control and prevention of the diseases in the warship. Methods The self - designed questionnaire was used to survey the incidence of respiratory system diseases among the personnel in a warship, and then the related factors were analyzed by correlation analysis and chi - square test using SPSS 19.0 software. Results The incidence of respiratory system diseases among 158 staff members in the warship in a decreasing order were as follows： 160.76 % （254/158） for common cold, 75.32% （i19/158） for chronic pharyngitis, 22.78% （36/158）for acute tonsillitis and 3.80% （6/ 158） for acute tracheobronchitis. Age was positively correlated with the incidence rate of acute tonsillitis （ r = 0. 138, P = 0. 042）. Service time was positively correlated with the incidence rates of chronic pharyngitis （ r = 0. 202, P = 0. 005） and acute tonsillitis（ r = 0. 135, P = 0. 045）. Annual time on performing task was positively correlated with the incidence rates of acute tonsillitis（ r = 0. 159, P = 0. 023）and acute tracheobronchitis （ r = 0. 142, P = 0. 037）. The incidence rate of acute traeheobron- chitis in the personnel living in cabins with ventilation by exhaust fans was siRnifieantly higher than that in those living in cabins with natural ventilation （ ）2 = 12. 105, P = 0. 002）. Conclusions Common cold, chronic pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and acute tracheobronchitis are frequent respiratory system diseases among the warship personnel. Age, service time, annual time on performing task and ventilation ways of their living rooms are the common related factors.

关 键 词：舰艇服役人员 呼吸系统疾病 相关因素 回顾性调查 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]