旅游发展语境中的地方性生产——以泸沽湖为例  

The Production of Place under the Context of Tourism Development: A Case Study of Lugu Lake

作　　者：魏雷[1] 钱俊希[1] 朱竑[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期99-109,190-191,共11页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"转型时期中国城市新移民的地方感与文化身份认同研究--以珠三角为例"(41171125);国家自然科学基金项目"跨境民族的流动性;空间生产与文化建构--云南世居民族案例"(41261031);国家自然科学基金项目"教育地理学:国际学校学生身份认同的建构与协商"(41328002)

摘　　要：全球化过程中地方可以被视为是动态与未尽的事件,是与外界流动的独特连结,而非出于过去式状态的物体。全球化并不等于绝对的均质化,地方也不会在其中被消弭。全球化进程必将是均质化与地方性凸显相互伴生的过程。通过深度访谈、参与观察和话语分析,借助研究地方重要维度的语境分析,对旅游发展语境中的摩梭村落进行研究,以理解外界对泸沽湖的地理想象以及摩梭社区与游客的互动对泸沽湖地方性的协商及重构。泸沽湖的地方性是由媒介、游客的旅游实践、摩梭人的地方实践以及大规模全球流动当中复杂的文化、价值、知识、资本等要素互动所共同表征、建构和重塑的过程,并且地方内部的认同亦呈现多元特征。研究有助于更好地理解全球化背景下民族社区的身份认同和文化建构,促进民族社区和少数族群文化的可持续发展。Place can be considered as an unfinished event in the process of modernity,instead of a static object. Place is constructed through complex and unique connections with the outside. Globalization dose not entail simple homogenization. On the contrary,it activates the reproduction and renegotiation of the uniqueness of place. This empirical case study uses observation,interview and discourse analysis to investigate how the placeness of Lugu Lake is put into negotiation via imaginative geographies of Lugu Lake,and the interactions between Mosuo community and tourists. Tourism in Lugu Lake is highly conditioned on its imaginative construction as an Arcadia of unconstrained sexual behaviors. The paper suggests that the placeness of Lugu Lake is constituted by multiple and intersecting dentities. It is embedded within processes of representation and reconstruction. It is a social and symbolic construction worked upon jointly by the media,tourist practices,place practices of native people. Competing cultures,values,knowledge,and capital all make contribution to the renegotiation of place-based identity in the context of large scale mobility. Different groups of native people reconstruct the meanings of place through diverse and divergent place practices. Mosuo females built a more conservative identity,as a response to the consumption,imagination and even discipline of their bodies from patriarchal gazes. On the contrary,the characters of Mosuo males just catered to the tourism imagination.They used material conditions brought by tourism development to present their identity,and even construct new identities that perform new place-based cultural meanings.

关 键 词：地方性 认同 旅游凝视 摩梭人 泸沽湖 地理想象 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理] G127[经济管理—产业经济]