蓄水坑灌下苹果树光合日变化与影响因子的分析  

The analysis of apple diurnal variation of photosynthesis and impact factors under water storage pits irrigation

作　　者：张敏[1] 孙西欢[1] 郭向红[1] 马娟娟[1] 张文锦[1] 王颖苗 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2015年第9期1095-1100,共6页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109154;51249002);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20111402120006;20121402110009);山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目(2012021026-2);山西省科技攻关项目(20110311018-1;20140311016-6);山西省高等学校创新人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：为研究蓄水坑灌条件下苹果树净光合速率(Pn)日变化规律与影响因子之间的关系,在山西省农业科学研究院果树研究所内进行了蓄水坑灌与地面灌条件下净光合速率的对比试验,综合相关分析、通径分析、曲线拟合、多元逐步回归方法对所得数据进行了分析。结果表明:初春季节矮化型苹果树的净光合日变化规律为单峰曲线,峰值出现在9:00;蓄水坑灌下的苹果树净光合速率在1d内整体高于地面灌下的净光合速率值,二者相差1.67μmol/(m2·s);气孔导度是蓄水坑灌条件下矮化型苹果树净光合速率的主要影响因子;地面灌下,饱和水汽压亏缺、气孔导度、大气温度和胞间二氧化碳浓度是直接影响净光合速率的主要因子;综合分析可知,在初春季节,气孔导度是矮化型苹果树净光合最大的影响因子,在水分相对亏缺的条件下,饱和水汽压亏缺也会成为净光合速率的主要影响因子。In order to study the relationship between diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn)and impact factors under water storage pits irrigation,an experiment work was conducted at Fruit Research Institute in Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The data obtained from various methods were analyzed,including correlation analysis,path coefficient analysis,curve fitting and stepwise regression between water storage pits irrigation and ground irrigation.The following results can be obtained:1)The daily variation regularity of Pn for dwarfing apple tree has a single pea at nine o’clock;2)The value of Pn under water storage pits irrigation was greater than the ground irrigation on the whole,with the gap between the two being 1.67μmol/(m2 · s);3)Stomatal conductance was the most important direct factor to influence the variation of Pn under water storage pits irriga-tion.The major factors directly affecting Pn were saturation vapor pressure,stomatal conductance,air temperature and intercellu-lar carbon dioxide concentration.Comprehensive analyses showed that stomatal conductance was the most influential factor to Pn for dwarfing apple tree in early spring,and on the condition of relative moisture stress,while saturation vapor pressure would al-so be a major factor to Pn.

关 键 词：蓄水坑灌 影响因子 苹果树 光合速率日变化 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]