贵阳地区胸腔积液疾病谱分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of disease spectrum of pleural effusion in Guiyang area

作　　者：沈毅[1] 杨运旗[2] 陈吉[2] 朱焱[1] 张磊[2] 袁梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院公共卫生学院,贵阳550002 [2]解放军44医院呼吸科

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2015年第5期508-510,共3页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

基　　金：解放军44医院院管课题(20140703)

摘　　要：目的研究贵阳地区胸腔积液疾病谱构成及分布特征。方法收集2012年1月-2014年8月间解放军44医院收治的463例胸腔积液患者的性别、年龄、民族、职业、生活环境等资料,回顾性分析胸腔积液病因和疾病谱构成。结果本地区胸腔积液疾病谱总体构成为结核性胸膜炎（47.30%）、心功能不全（20.95%）、恶性肿瘤（11.02%）、肺部感染（9.29%）、肝肾脏疾病（6.91%）、间质性肺病（1.94%）、不明原因（1.51%）和结缔组织疾病（1.08%）。城镇居民与学生、农民和务工人员以及青少年与中老年人相比均存在显著差异（P〈0.01）;汉族与少数民族、主城区与农村、农民与学生和务工人员比较也不尽相同（P〈0.05）;中年与老年、学生与务工人员以及性别间均无差异（P〉0.05）。结论贵阳地区胸腔积液疾病谱与年龄、职业、民族和生活环境相关;结核性胸膜炎、心功能不全和恶性肿瘤为三大主因。结核性胸膜炎位居青年学生、农民、务工人员和少数民族患者首位;间质性肺病在城镇、农村和老年人中相对多发;心力衰竭、恶性肿瘤、肺部感染和肝肾疾病在城镇、中老年和汉族患者中有较高比例,心力衰竭为城镇患者的首要病因。Objective To study the composition and distribution characteristics of disease spectrum of pleural effusion in Guiyang area. Methods The data on 463 patients with pleural effusion to receive treatment in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Aug. 2014 were collected, including the gender, age, nationality, occupation, and living environment etc., and a retrospective analysis was made to find the causes to pleural effusion and the distribution of disease spectrum. Results The disease spectrum of pleural effusion in the area consisted of tuberculous pleurisy （47.30%）, cardiac functional insufficiency （20.95%）, malignant tumor （11.02%）, pulmonary infection （9.29%）, liver and kidney diseases （6.91%）, interstitial lung disease （1.94%）, unknown causes （1.51%） and connective tissue disease （1.08%）. The urban residents had significant differences from the students, peasant and workers patients, and young patients also had significant differences from the senile patients （P 〈 0.01）; there were also differences between the Han people and ethnic minorities, the urban area and rural area, and peasant and students and workers （P 〈 0.05）; there were no difference between the middle-aged and the senile ones, the students and the migrant workers, as well as the genders （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The disease spectrum of pleural effusion in Guiyang area is relevant to the age, occupation, nationality and living environment of the patients; tuberculous pleurisy, heart failure and malignant tumors are the three major causes, and tuberculous pleurisy is the first cause to pleural effusion of young students, peasants, workers and ethnic minority patients; the rate of interstitial lung disease is relatively high among urban, rural and senile patients, and the rates of heart failure, malignant tumor, lung infection and liver and kidney disease are high in the urban patients, middle-aged and senile patients, and Han people. Heart failure is the primary cause to pleural effusion of urban patients.

关 键 词：贵阳 胸腔积液 疾病谱 特征 

分 类 号：R561[医药卫生—呼吸系统]