猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒垂直传播及其危害研究进展  

Research Progress on Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Vertical Transmission and its Hazards

作　　者：李桃梅[1,2] 赖志 崔立[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]上海伊科拜克兽药销售有限公司,上海200042 [3]上海创宏生物科技有限公司,上海201419

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2015年第5期1311-1317,共7页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：2013年度上海交通大学Agri-X农科交叉基金项目

摘　　要：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)感染引起的繁殖障碍在妊娠早期表现为母猪受胎率低、不规律返情及孕早期流产;怀孕后半期流产、早产,产死胎、木乃伊胎及弱仔等。先天感染的仔猪抵抗继发感染的能力低,可持续排毒并感染周围的阴性动物。PRRSV穿过胎盘屏障感染胎儿很可能是经巨噬细胞/单核细胞介导的,并在母胎界面造成病理损伤,病毒在胎儿着床点的复制可能是导致胎儿死亡和母猪流产的原因。预防PRRSV垂直传播必须控制母猪感染PRRSV,缩短已感染母猪的病毒血症持续时间,此外,通过生物安全、限制猪群流动和严格的消毒措施控制水平传播,通过疫苗免疫和药物保健消除易感动物。作者概述了妊娠各阶段母猪感染PRRSV发生垂直传播的情况及其后续的繁殖障碍。Productive disorder induced by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV） is characterized by low conception rate,irregular return to estrus and abortion during early gestation sow; Later-term abortion, early farrowing, stillborn, mummies and weak-born pig- lets are generally happened at second half of gestation. Piglets with congenital infection become more sensitive to secondary infection, and there exists excreted virus which infects the negative animals on every side. PRRSV passes through the placenta mediated by macrophages/monocytes, which cause pathological damage in the maternal-fetal interface, and virus replication in the fetal implantation sites plays a role in the fetal death and sow abortion. PRRSV infection prevention and viremia shortening for sow are conductive to reduce PRRSV vertical transmission. In addi- tion,biosafety measures,reasonable pig flow and strict disinfection are carried out to control hori- zontal transmission, and vaccine immunization and medicine administration are done to protect susceptible animals. The main purpose of this review is to summarize PRRSV vertical transmis- sion during each stage of gestation and subsequent reproductive failure.

关 键 词：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 垂直传播 先天感染 病毒血症 

分 类 号：S852.659.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]