湘中丘陵区4种森林类型土壤理化性质  

Soil physical and chemical properties of four subtropical forests in hilly region of central Hunan province, China

作　　者：肖灵香 方晰[1,2] 项文化[1,2] 李毅[3] 李胜蓝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2015年第5期90-97,108,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业局林业科技成果推广计划项目([2012]61号);国家林业局林业软科学研究项目(2014-R11)

摘　　要：为探明由不同树种组成的森林对土壤肥力的影响机制，采集湘中丘陵区地域相邻、立地条件一致、年龄相近的马尾松＋石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎＋青冈常绿阔叶林和杉木人工林土壤（0～15、15～30 cm）进行理化性质测定。结果表明：杉木人工林两土层的容重均高于3种次生林，4种森林土壤具有南方丘陵区红壤典型质地粘重特征，均为粘壤土，但4种森林类型土壤各粒级颗粒百分含量存在一定的差异；各土层含水率的变化趋势基本一致，均表现为杉木人工林最高，其次是南酸枣落叶阔叶林和石栎＋青冈常绿阔叶林，马尾松＋石栎针阔混交林最低；4种森林土壤全N、全P、全K、水解N、有效P、速效K平均含量均表现为0～15 cm土层高于15～30 cm土层，不同森林类型土壤养分含量及其供N、P、K强度均有明显的差异，杉木人工林土壤养分含量普遍低于3种次生林，但供N、P、K强度高于3种次生林，表明不同森林在土壤养分的积累、贮存和转化等方面差异显著。In order to expiscate effect mechanisms of forest made up of different tree species on soil fertility, the soil samples of Pinus massoniana＋Lithocarpus glaber mixed forest, Choerospondias axillaries deciduous broad leaved forest, L.glaber＋Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest） and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation forest in middle hilly region of Hunan province in 0~15 cm soil layer than in 15 ~ 30 cm soil layer were collected, which were similar in tree species geographical neighbor, site conditions and tree-age, and the soils’ physical and chemical properties were determined. The results show that the bulk density in different soil layers were higher in C. lanceolata plantation than in the other three secondary forests, the sample soils under the four kinds of forests were clay loam and had typical features of clayey texture in south red soil hilly region, but the percentages of different particle size distribution were different in different forest type soils, and the variation trend of water contents were similar in different soil layers and in the order as follow：C. lanceolata plantation〉C. axillaries deciduous broad leaved forest〉L. glaber＋C. glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest〉P. massoniana＋L. glaber mixed forest. The average contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were higher in 0 ~ 15 cm soil layer than in 15 ~ 30 cm soil layers, the soil nutrient content and the supply intensity of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were obvious different in four forest types, the soil nutrient content in C. lanceolata plantation were lower than in the other secondary forests, but the supply intensity of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were higher than in the other secondary forests. The ifndings show that the soil nutrient accumulation, storage and conversion had signiifcant differences in different forest type soils.

关 键 词：森林土壤 森林类型 土壤容重 土壤颗粒组成 土壤化学性质 湘中丘陵区 

分 类 号：S741.2[农业科学—林学]