农艺措施与土地利用方式转变对土壤碳库管理指数的影响  

Effects of agricultural practices and land use transformation on soil carbon management index

作　　者：吴崇书 谢国雄[2] 章明奎[3] 

机构地区：[1]淳安县植保土肥站,浙江淳安311700 [2]杭州市植保土肥总站,浙江杭州310020 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2015年第4期611-617,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41071145)

摘　　要：土壤碳库管理指数是一项表征农田土壤有机碳积累与质量的综合指标,可有效地反映人类活动对土壤质量的影响。试验共采集了90组不同管理方式或利用方式的成对农田表层土壤样本,研究了农艺措施（施肥、耕作、土地平整、土壤改良）和土地利用方式转变等对土壤碳库管理指数的影响。结果表明,施用有机肥、推行秸秆还田及种植绿肥可显著提高土壤碳库管理指数;单施化肥对有机碳水平为中下的土壤碳库管理指数有一定的提高作用,但对有机碳水平较高的土壤影响不明显。深耕和平整土地及施用石灰可引起土壤碳库管理指数的下降。水田改旱种植蔬菜可导致土壤碳库管理指数的显著下降,其中以大棚蔬菜地的下降更为明显;水田改旱种植经济林（苗木、果树、茶叶）在初期（3-5年）可引起土壤碳库管理指数的明显下降,但随种植时间增加（10-20年）,其土壤碳库管理指数可逐渐反弹;林地开垦种植旱作可引起土壤碳库管理指数的明显下降;滨海盐土围垦后随种植农作物年限的增加其土壤碳库管理指数逐渐增加。Soil carbon management index is a comprehensive index to characterize the accumulation and quality of soil organic carbon. It can effectively reflect the influence of human activities on soil quality. This research characterized the effects of some agricultural practices （fertilization, tillage, land leveling, soil improvement） and land use transformation on carbon management index of soils, based on the comparison of paired soil samples. The results showed that application of organic manure, implementation of straw returning and planting green manure could significantly increase carbon management index of soils. Application of chemical fertilizer exhibited certain improving effect on carbon management index in low-organic carbon soils, but its effect on high-organic carbon soils was not ob- vious. Deep ploughing, land leveling, and liming could decrease carbon management index of soils. Soil carbon management index decreased significantly after transforming the land use from rice field into vegetable land, and the decline extent was greater in greenhouse vegetable land than open vegetables land. Soil carbon management index was also changed after transforming the land use from rice field into economic forest, which decreased significantly at the early stage after planting economic forest, and then increased gradually with the increasing planting time. Transforming forestland into upland could decrease soil carbon management index. Carbon management index for coastal soil increased gradually with increasing years of the improvement and reclamation of soils.

关 键 词：土壤 土地利用方式 施肥 耕作 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]