苏联对新中国体育援助的历史审视  

A Historical Review of the Soviet Union's Sports Aid to New China

作　　者：俞大伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学体育学院,吉林长春130012 [2]北京体育大学管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2015年第4期12-17,25,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:14BTY086)

摘　　要：作为首个建立社会主义制度的国家,苏联向社会主义阵营提供了大量的体育援助。新中国在接受苏联的体育援助下,奠定了新体育建设的重要基础,推动了体育事业的发展渐入正轨。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法和历史研究等方法,以苏联对新中国的体育援助为研究对象。提出其产生的历史背景,阐述其发生的详细过程,审视其带来的历史影响。研究结论:1)苏联对新中国体育援助的动机是出于冷战格局的现实需要;2)新中国接受体育援助的动机是根据自身需要主动提出的;3)"一边倒"外交政策的确立为新中国接受苏联体育援助提供了基础和保障;4)体育援助领域广泛、内容丰富、形式多样;5)体育援助的时间虽然较短,却为新中国体育事业的发展起到了重要的奠基作用,同时也产生了利与弊共存的深远影响。研究价值:旨在追溯历史、产生启发,达除弊兴利、科学发展之效。As the first country of socialist state-system, the Soviet Union has offered lots of aid to later born social- ist countries. People＇s Republic of China bad constructed its sports enterprise basic by the Soviet Union＇s aid. This paper analyzed sports aid of the Soviet Union to China by the methods of literature review and historical research, and focused on its historical background, process, and historical influence. Conclusions ： 1 ） The motivation of the Soviet Union＇s sports aid to China was reality demand of the cold war. 2） The motivation of Chinese government＇s recipient of aid was self-needing. 3） The establishment of the Soviet Union sided foreign policy provided foandation and guarantee when China accepted the Soviet Union＇s sports aid. 4） The sports aid referred to many fields with rich content and various forms. 5 ） The aid played an important function to new China sports enterprise development even it lasted a short time, and it also produced many profound influences in positive and negative aspects. This paper provided some inspirations from history which may have good effects on nowadays China sports.

关 键 词：体育援助 对外援助 对外体育援助 体育外交 援外体育教练 体育专家 

分 类 号：G812.9[文化科学—体育学]