采用水肥一体化技术统筹工农业协调发展  

Using drip irrigation of water and fertilizer for synergic development of industry and agriculture

作　　者：安迪[1] 王亭杰[1] 金涌[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2015年第5期120-125,共6页Strategic Study of CAE

摘　　要：我国化肥利用率低,面源污染严重,同时农业耗水量大,水资源短缺问题突出。本文提出一种以水肥一体化滴灌技术为核心的高效设施农业发展方式。通过滴灌技术可以实现养分和水对作物的定量供应,提高化肥利用率并提高灌溉用水效率和作物产量;将过滤后的沼肥沼液与滴灌相结合,可将畜禽粪便和农作物秸秆变废为宝,改善农村生态环境;工业上排放的CO2经过无害化处理后,可通入附近的温室大棚,为作物提供碳源;应用和推广水肥一体化滴灌技术,能够拉动聚氯乙烯(PVC)的需求,消化部分PVC的过剩产能,进而拉动氯碱行业。通过滴灌设备租赁、废旧设备回收环节,完善整个产业链条,统筹协调工业农业平衡发展。The low efficiency of fertilizer utilization in China has resulted in severe nonpoint source pollution. Meanwhile, there exists a severe problem of water shortage and large amount of water consumption in agriculture. A way of facility agriculture based on drip irrigation of wa- ter and fertilizer technology for high-efficient development of industry and agriculture was pro- posed. The nutrients and water could be quantitatively fed to crops by using drip irrigation tech- nology, which can increase the utilization efficiency of fertilizer, irrigation efficiency of water and crop yields. Using drip irrigation of filtered biogas slurry could take advantage of livestock manure and crop straw and improve rural ecological environment. The CO2 discharged from in- dustry could be transported into the greenhouse after harmless treatment which can provide the carbon for crops. The wide application of drip irrigation technology can increase the demand of （poly vinyl chloride） PVC, which can release a part of the over production capacity of PVC and promote the development of chlor-alkali industry. Besides, renting and recycling of drip ir- rigation equipment can improve the industrial chain. This is an efficient way for the synergic de- velopment of industry and agriculture.

关 键 词：化肥 节水 利用率 滴灌 PVC 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学]