递增阶梯电价的收入再分配效应研究:嵌入分时电价更有效吗  

RESEARCH ON REDISTRIBUTION EFFECT OF INCREASING BLOCK TARIFF:IS EMBEDDED TIME-OF-USING TARIFF MORE EFFECTIVE

作　　者：刘自敏[1] 张昕竹[2,3] 方燕[4] 余颖丰[5] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,邮政编码400716 [2]江西财经大学规制与竞争研究中心 [3]中国社会科学院规制与竞争研究中心 [4]浙江财经大学中国政府管制研究院 [5]首都经济贸易大学金融学院

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2015年第5期51-65,共15页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：自然科学基金项目(71173236;71403288);西南大学中央高校基本科研项目(SWU1509120);首都经济贸易大学特大城市研究院;首经贸金融风险研究院以及首经贸青年课题(项目号:01591465730145)的资助

摘　　要：本文从理论与实证角度分析了递增阶梯电价为实现收入再分配目的必然伴随着效率损失,进而探讨嵌入分时电价能否改善两难困境。理论模型刻画了递增阶梯电价追求再分配目的所致两类效率成本的特征、结构和类型,以及递增阶梯电价在实现再分配和最小化效率损失间的两难困境。基于杭州市居民用电和家庭收入等微观数据,使用工具变量,通过反事实场景构建和二次近乎理想需求函数(QUAIDS)模型,实证估算了阶梯电价为实现再分配目的而引致的家庭与社会效率成本,本文为系统评估和完善阶梯水价和气价等政策奠定了基础。This paper empirically estimates the cost of efficiency based on theoretical model,which embodies some characteristics and structure of efficiency cost.The total efficiency cost is decomposed into two subcategories.Using micro-data on household income and electricity consumption of Hangzhou resi-dents,and counterfactual scenarios,we have estimated the efficiency costs in family and society’s perspec-tives,respectively.The result shows that the IBP does have distinctive income redistribution effects be-tween family groups with different incomes,with low-income family obtaining certain welfare benefits, and high earners losing welfare more than middle-income household.With the deepening implementation of IBP,the total efficiency cost is declining,and redistribution effect is smaller,but adding up the time-of-use pricing can hinder the trend.This paper establishes the foundation for systematically improving and as-sessing nonlinear pricing policies.

关 键 词：递增阶梯电价 再分配效应 效率损失 二次近乎理想需求函数 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济] F726F224