蓄排水条件下盐碱地土壤盐分运移特征研究  

Move Characteristics of Soil Salinity in Saline-Alkali Land Under Impounding and Draining Conditions

作　　者：李娟[1,2,3] 韩霁昌[1,3] 张扬[1,3] 李晓明 张卫华[1,3] 董起广[1,3] 雷娜[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,西安710075 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,西安710075

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第3期116-120,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"山地丘陵区空心村整治关键技术集成示范"(2014BAL01B03)

摘　　要：为检验蓄水和排水处理下盐碱地土壤盐分的变化情况及盐分运移规律,于2009年在陕西富平设置试验模型,分析在两种处理下0—160cm土层土壤中盐分的变化趋势。结果表明:蓄水处理下0—160cm土层的平均土壤湿度较排水处理高,能有效提高土壤中含水量,满足作物生长需求。分析了土壤中可溶性固形物(TDS)、阴离子(Cl-,HCO3-,SO42-)、阳离子(Ca2+,Na+,K+)含量的剖面分布及土壤pH值变化,并且利用主成分分析法分析了土壤盐分与各离子间关系,得出蓄水处理有效降低土壤表层的盐分,加速土壤耕作层脱盐,土壤质量明显改善,即蓄水处理下盐碱地治理效果显著。To test the variation and move of soil salinity in saline-alkali land under impounding and draining treatments, an experimental model was conducted in Fuping County, Shaanxi Province, 2009. The variation of soil salinity in 0--160 cm soil depth under the two treatments was observed. Results showed that the aver age soil water content under impounding treatment was 4.47~ higher than that under draining treatment with the same water yield, which means that the impounding treatment can help improve soil moisture to support the crop growth. The profile distributions of soil soluble solids （TDS）, anion （C1 , HCO3 , S（）~ ） and cation （Ca2＋ , Na＋ , K＋ ） contents and the variation of soil pH were also measured. Principal component analysis（PCA） was used to examine the relationship between the soil salinity and its ions. The results showed that the impounding treatment could significantly decrease the surface salinity of soil and accelerate the desalination of topsoil, and finally, the soil quality was improved significantly, demonstrating that the impounding treatment had the remarkable effect on soil salinity management.

关 键 词：盐碱地 蓄水 排水 土壤盐分 盐分离子 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]