大豆根系分泌物中特定物质对土壤微生物活性的影响  

Effect of Soybean Root Exudates on Microbial Biomass and Activity in Soil

作　　者：曲晓华 赵晓燕[2] 马杰 谭飞 王敬国[5] 

机构地区：[1]山东省威海市园林管理局,山东威海264200 [2]山东省科学院中日友好生物技术研究中心,山东济南250014 [3]山东省威海市环境保护局,山东威海264200 [4]山东高速路桥养护有限公司,山东济南250014 [5]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2015年第3期298-302,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270768)

摘　　要：以黑龙江省正茬土壤为研究对象,采用室内回接培养的方法,研究了大豆根系分泌物中2种有机酸(苹果酸、酒石酸)和3种酚酸(油酸甲酯、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚和香草酸)对土壤微生物量和微生物活性的影响,并通过测定土壤微生物C/N比,初步确定有显著作用的分泌物组分。结果表明,苹果酸、酒石酸和油酸甲酯的加入对微生物来说是有益的,化感作用并没有表现出来;而2,4-二叔丁基苯酚和香草酸的加入,对土壤微生物的生长表现为低浓度促进高浓度抑制,对土壤微生物有化感作用。This study aimed to determine the relationship between allelopathy and soil microorganisms in order to find out the possible barriers that inhibit continuous cropping of soybeans.By altering two organic acids （i.e.,malic and tartaric acid）and three phenolic acids （i.e.,oleic acid methyl ester,2,4-dinitrophenol and vanillic acid）among the known soybean root exudates,the effect on the biomass and activity of the microbes in soil was determined. Using the soil sample collected from the continuous cropping field in Heilongjiang province,the in-lab frankia culture method was employed and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the soil microbial biomass measured to preliminary identify the major components in the exudate.The results indicated that the addition of malic acid,tartaric acid and oleic acid methyl ester benefitted the microbial growth without allelopathy effect.On the other hand,the addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol and vanillic acid at low concentrations increased the microbial biomass,while reduced it at high concentrations.The results suggested that 2,4-dinitrophenol and vanillic acid might play an important role in the soybean allelopathy.

关 键 词：大豆 根系分泌物 特定物质 土壤微生物 微生物活性 

分 类 号：S565[农业科学—作物学]