复配改性黏土/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料的结构及性能  

Structure and properties of compound modified clay /nitrile rubber nanocomposites

作　　者：刘舒婷[1] 梁玉蓉[1,2] 段学召[3] 杨汉祥[1] 王林艳[2] 张涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]太原工业学院 高分子材料与工程系,太原030008 [3]中北大学理学院,太原030051

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2015年第3期233-236,共4页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51273142)

摘　　要：用不同阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)复配改性无机黏土,制备了有机改性黏土/丁腈橡胶(NBR)纳米复合材料,并表征了有机黏土与纳米复合材料,考察了不同表面活性剂及配比对纳米复合材料物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,CTAB/SDS复配改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料的层间距比CTAB改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料增加了1.15 nm,具有更多的插层结构,橡胶基体中黏土颗粒分布细致、均匀,且黏土片层间无聚集体存在;CTAB/SDS复配改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料的物理机械性能优于CTAB/SDBS复配改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料及CTAB改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料,且当CTAB/SDS(质量比)为4∶2时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度及扯断伸长率出现最大值,其中,拉伸强度和撕裂强度较CTAB改性黏土/NBR纳米复合材料分别提高了62.7%和12.3%。The inorganic clay was modified with com- pounds of different anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfon- ate （SDS） and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） with cationic surfactant cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） , and organoclay/nitrile rubber （NBR） nanocom- posites were prepared. The organoclays and uanocomposites were characterized and effects of different surfactants and their ratios on the mechanical properties of nanocomposites were investigated. The results showed that the interlayer spacing of CTAB/SDS modifed clay/NBR nanocomposite was 1. 15 nm more than that of CTAB modified clay/NBR nano- composite, CTAB/SDS modified clay/NBR nanocomposite had more intercalated structures. The clay particles were dis-persed in the NBR matrix finely and uniformly. Moreover, there were no aggregates between clay layers. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites prepared by CTAB/SDS modi- fied c｜ay were superior to those prepared by CTAB/SDBS modified clay and CTAB modified clay. And when the mass ratio of CTAB to SDS was 4： 2, the tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break of the organoclay/NBR nano- composite reached maximum, and tensile strength and tear strength increased by 62.7% and 12.3% compared with those of CTAB modified clay/NBR nanocomposite.

关 键 词：无机黏土 阴离子表面活性剂 阳离子表面活性剂 复配改性 丁腈橡胶 纳米复合材料 物理机械性能 

分 类 号：TQ333.7[化学工程—橡胶工业]