采用梯度估计的风力发电系统最优转矩最大功率点追踪效率优化  

Efficiency Optimization of Optimum Torque Maximum Power Point Tracking Based on Gradient Approximation for Wind Turbine Generator System

作　　者：刘吉臻 孟洪民 胡阳 

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2015年第10期2367-2374,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973项目)(2012CB215203)~~

摘　　要：风轮大转动惯量导致最优转矩最大功率点追踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)控制方法暂态时间过长,效率降低。通过研究风力发电系统(wind turbine generator system,WTGS)工作机理,对问题及原因作具体分析,并设计基于梯度估计的最优转矩补偿器,对电磁转矩给定值进行补偿,以减小大转动惯量对风轮转速变化的影响。通过建立兆瓦级双馈WTGS小信号模型及系统闭环传递函数,分析系统闭环极点、阶跃响应曲线及频率特性。小信号模型分析及仿真结果表明,改进后的方法具有良好的系统稳定性及动态特性,暂态过程时间小,兼有经典最优转矩法稳定性和叶尖速比法快速性等部分优点,风能转化率较高。The efficiency of the conventional optimum torque maximum power point tracking （MPPT） algorithm is reduced by large rotational inertia, and the transient time of the control system becomes longer. The problem was analyzed by studying the mechanism of wind turbine. A novel optimum torque MPPT optimization algorithm was proposed to reduce the transient process time caused by high rotational inertia. The solution presented here used gradient estimation to compensate electromagnetic torque reference. A small signal model was presented with a doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine for the performance analysis of closed-loop poles, step response and frequency-domain characteristics. From the analysis and simulation results, the novel algorithm combines stability of conventional method and high response rate of tip-speed ratio method, and has good stability, dynamic behavior and high efficiency.

关 键 词：风力发电系统 最大功率点追踪 转动惯量 最优转矩控制 小信号模型 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]