三峡水库区间侵蚀产沙变化分析  

Analysis on variation of soil erosion and sediment yield in Three Gorges reach

作　　者：徐涛[1] 周曼[2] 李长春[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡水利枢纽梯级调度通信中心,湖北宜昌443133 [2]中国长江三峡集团公司,湖北宜昌443133

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2015年第5期51-56,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2013CB036406);国家十二五科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAB04B00)

摘　　要：三峡区间地形起伏,降雨多,强度大,具有发生水土流失的潜在条件。因此,区间产沙量成为三峡入库泥沙不可忽视的一部分。然而,由于区间来沙难以定量计算,自三峡水库初步设计以来,入库泥沙量均未考虑区间来沙。本文利用GIS空间分析技术和基于统计方法的RUSLE模型,分别选取三个不同降水典型年(2000、2007和2010年)计算得到三峡区间水土流失空间分布图。模型计算结果显示,三峡库区土壤侵蚀模数平均值,大小顺序依次为2000年、2007年、2010年,分别为2474.26t/(km2·a)、2126.02t/(km2·a)、1844.24t/(km2·a),从而可以估算这3个年份三峡库区的土壤流失量分别为1.45×108t、1.24×108t、1.08×108t。The Three Gorges reach is an area of potential soil and water loss owing to its huge topographic relief and heavy precipitation, so the sediment eroded away from it takes a significant proportion of the sediment inflow of the Three Gorges reservoir. This portion, however, has always been neglected since the preliminary design because of the difficulty in its quantitative estimation. This article presents a calculation of soil erosion in each of three typical years （2000, 2007 and 2010） using the GIS spatial analysis technology and a RUSLE model of statistical method to lay a basis for quantitative estimation. By this calculation, we found out that the average soil erosion modulus is 2474, 2126 and 1844 t/ （km^2·a） respectively, and that the estimated amount of soil erosion in the three years are 145, 124 and 108 million tons respectively.

关 键 词：泥沙工程学 土壤侵蚀 RUSLE模型 三峡区间 

分 类 号：TV145.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]