拳击前手直拳与后手直拳地面支撑反作用力特征比较研究  

A Comparative Study on Characteristics of Ground Reaction Force between Jab and Back Punch

作　　者：史东林 王艺[2] 郭丞 杨丹 张健 苏彦炬[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省体育局体育科学研究所,石家庄050016 [2]河北经贸大学体育部,石家庄050061

出　　处：《河北体育学院学报》2015年第3期68-71,共4页Journal of Hebei Sport University

基　　金：河北省体育局体育科技研究项目(20141025)

摘　　要：目的:为了区别前手直拳与后手直拳下肢蹬地地面支撑反作用力的特征,进一步细化拳击下肢蹬地发力的特点。方法:运用两块KISTLER三维测力台和VICON MX红外高速摄影系统,让运动员分别以前手直拳和后手直拳全力击打固定目标,采集地面支撑反作用力参数,二者进行对比。结果:运动员后手直拳击打,双脚均主动发力,蹬地发力的时间均在100-200ms;发力50ms时力值占最大力量峰值的百分比均低于35%,后续发力特征明显。前手直拳击打,前脚起主要作用,蹬地发力时间均在100ms之内,发力50ms时力值占最大力量峰值的百分比均高于60%。与前手直拳相比,后手直拳下肢发力时长,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:拳击前手直拳与后手直拳下肢蹬地地面反作用力特征相比存在差异,从发力时长角度比较,前手直拳发力时间短,发力初期力量增长特征明显,表现为起动力量特征;后手直拳下肢蹬地后续发力特征明显,表现为爆发力属性特征。Objectives： To explore the characteristics of Ground Reaction Force （GRF） between jab and back punch, and subdi- vide the characteristics of lower limb push force. Methodology： Two force platforms, three-dimensional video graphic were used to acquire the GRF data when the boxers punched the fixed target with back punch and jab and the result between jab and back punch were compared. Results. In back punch, double feet initiate force positively, the duration of ground push force is limited in 100-200 microseconds. At 50 microsecond, the force value reaches no more than 35% of maximum force. The characteristic of subsequent push force is obvious. While in jab, forefeet take a major role. The duration of ground push force is limited in 100 microseconds. At 50 microsecond, the force value reaches more than 60% of maximum force. Compared with jab, the duration of push force of lower limb is longer in back punch which is significantly different （P〈0.01）. Conclusions： there is a difference of the characteristics of GRF between Jab and Back Punch. From the perspective of push force duration, there is a short duration in jab, in the initial stage of force, the characteristics of force increase is obvious, which is featured by the force-starting power. While in back punch, the characteristics of subsequent ground push force is obvious, which is featured by explosive force.

关 键 词：前手直拳 后手直拳 专项力量特征 地面支撑反作用力 发力时长 

分 类 号：G886.1[文化科学—体育训练]