宁夏固原市一次对流性天气的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of a Convectional Weather Process in Guyuan of Ningxia Based on WRF Model

作　　者：马思敏[1,2] 刘晓莉[1] 杨侃 张宏元 朱昱[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]宁夏泾源县气象局,宁夏固原756400 [3]宁夏气象台,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《干旱气象》2015年第2期278-290,共13页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41375137);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2012860);2013年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310300003Z)共同资助

摘　　要：利用WRF模式和1°×1°的NCEP再分析资料,对2007年7月14日宁夏固原市发生的一次强对流天气进行了数值模拟,并分析了此次强对流天气的有利环流形势、物理量场分布以及雷达回波特征。结果表明:(1)WRF模拟的降水区较实况略偏东南,且降水量偏大;(2)WRF模拟的高层辐散和中低层辐合配置、"喇叭口"探空曲线与对流性降水区较为符合;(3)霰、雪是雨水形成的主要来源,云水又是雪和霰增长的主要来源;(4)云滴数浓度对对流云降水及水成物分布有重要的影响。增加云滴数浓度,前期可使对流云产生的累计降水量和范围均有减少,后期高浓度状况下存在大量冰相粒子,造成累计降水量及范围大于低、中浓度的降水;增加云滴数浓度,云水含量增加,前期雨水、冰晶、霰含量减少,后期雨水、冰晶、霰含量增多。Based on the NCEP reanalysis data with 1°×1° spatial resolution, the strong convective weather which occurred in Guyuan of Ningxia on July 14, 2007 was simulated by Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model, and the circulation situation, physi- cal quantity field distribution and radar echo characteristic of the strong convective weather were summarized. The results showed that the precipitation simulated by WRF was bigger than the observation of radar, and the location was southeastward. The configuration of high level divergence and low level convergence, and ＂trumpet＂ sounding curve were comparatively consistent with the precipitation ar- ea. Graupel and snow were the main source of rain water, while cloud water is the main source of graupel and snow growth. The num- ber concentrations of cloud droplet had an important impact on precipitation of convective cloud. When number concentration of cloud drops increased, the early precipitation and its range reduced, while the later precipitation and its range increased. In addition, the number concentrations of cloud drop also had important effect on the distribution of mixture of cloud water, rain water, ice crystal, snow and graupel. When the number concentration increased, the content of cloud water increased, the early content of rain water, ice crystal and graupel decreased, but the later increased.

关 键 词：WRF模式 对流云 云滴数浓度 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]