禽流感疫情管理中的问题与挑战:一项基于家禽风险管理的实证研究  

The Issues and Challenges of Bird Flu Epidemic Management:An Empirical Study based on Poultry Risk Management

作　　者：郑红娥[1] 李小云[1] 汪力斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期24-33,共10页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金："生态健康方法应对东南亚突发性传染病研究项目"对本文的支持;加拿大国际发展研究中心;加拿大国际发展署;澳大利亚国际发展署;加拿大国际健康研究所资助

摘　　要：以往的疫情报告表明,小规模养殖方式的存在是导致疫情爆发的主要根源。如何对小规模养殖实施监督是重建整个疫情规训设置的重中之重。然而,调查表明,现有疫情规训机制是基于现代养殖场的风险管理模式建立的,不论"知识-权力"设置,还是管理技术都难以对小规模养殖和散养实施有效监管。而且,在整个乡村,盛行着工业化养殖文化(现代养殖文化)和有机养殖文化(传统养殖文化)的话语权之争。因此,为了应对碎片化风险管理现状,不仅需要进一步完善现有的"知识-权力"设置,而且需要重新定义工业化养殖文化,以克服现有"混杂性"小规模养殖方式的诟病,真正建立有效的疫情管理机制。Previous reports of bird flu epidemic outbreak suggest that the presence of small-scale poultry farming is the main cause of bird flu outbreak. It is very important to supervise the small-scale poultry farming in order to rebuild the en- tire epidemic disciplinary mechanism. However, the survey shows that because the existing disciplinary mechanism is based on modern farms, both of the ＂ knowledge-power＂ setting and management techniques are unable to implement effective reg- ulation on small-scale poultry farming and backyard farming. Moreover, throughout the rural community, there is a dis- course dispute between industrialized farming cultures （modern farming culture ） and organic farming culture （traditional farming culture）. Therefore, in order to deal with the fragmentation situation of risk management, not only will the existing ＂knowledge-power＂ setting be improved, but also the industrialized farming culture would be redefined to overcome the problems of the existing ＂hybrid＂ small-scale farming and establish the effective epidemic management mechanism.

关 键 词：禽流感疫情 规训体制 风险管理 话语权之争 

分 类 号：S851.33[农业科学—预防兽医学]