礁石风化溢油解析和生物降解过程室内模拟研究  

Laboratory Simulation on Desorption and Biodegradation of Weathered Crude Oil on Rocks

作　　者：王腾[1,2] 李光梅[3] 陆金仁[2] 孙培艳[3] 包木太[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [3]国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《广东化工》2015年第10期240-243,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41376084);海洋公益性行业科研专项项目(No.201205012);国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金(No.201402)

摘　　要：运用一个小型潮汐池模拟海岸环境,通过化学和生物方法对吸附在人造滩涂礁石上的石油进行处理,研究风化溢油的解析和生物降解过程。对石油烃进行定量分析,实验组在加入细菌发酵液后,海水中、潮间带和潮下带海沙中石油烃含量均高于对照组。经过60天的模拟实验,气相色谱结果显示超过21.9%的石油被降解。水中营养盐的含量、水中细菌数量也被研究,实验组细菌数量从7.00×107 cell/m L降低到1.20×107 cell/m L,而对照组细菌数量一直低于106 cell/m L。结果表明实验室保存菌株可以加速滩涂溢油的解析速度,使其溶解于水中或者沉降到潮下带中,并且可以有效的对石油进行降解。The tidal tanks were applied to simulate the coastal environment, and the coastal weathered crude oil adsorbed on the rock of the artificial beach was processed by chemical and biological methods through the desorption and biodegradation process. Petroleum hydrocarbons of the seawater, intertidal and subtidal zones in the experimental tank are all higher than that in the control tank. GC-FID results showed that over 21.9 % of the crude oil was degraded by Bacillus Lz-2. The biodegradation rates of short chain n-alkanes and naphthalene were high according to the GC-MS. The bacteria growth condition and the concentration of nutrients were also investigated. The density of bacteria decreased from 7.00×10^7 to 1.20×10^7 cell mLl in the experimental tank while kept within 10^6 cell mL^-1 in the control tank. These studies indicated that Bacillus Lz-2 could accelerate the desorption process of coastal weathered crude oil and eli;actively degrade the crude oil.

关 键 词：风化溢油 模拟潮汐池 生物修复 解析过程 降解过程 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P748[天文地球—海洋科学]