饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、血清非特异性免疫及抗氧化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Level on Growth Performance,Serum Non-Specific Immune and Anti-Oxidant Indices of Juvenile Swimming Crab( Portunus tribueculatus)

作　　者：李弋[1] 张稳[1] 金敏[1] 霍雅文 邱红[1] 侯迎梅 周歧存[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院鱼类营养研究室,宁波315211

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第5期1431-1439,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41476125);宁波市海洋蟹类产业科技创新团队项目(2011B81003)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、血清非特异性免疫及抗氧化指标的影响。以初始体重为(5.94±0.17)g的三疣梭子蟹幼蟹为研究对象,配制6种维生素E水平分别为8.9、19.6、27.0、39.7、77.6和156.9 mg/kg的等能等氮的试验饲料,进行为期8周的养殖试验。每种试验饲料投喂60只幼蟹,每20只幼蟹作为1个重复。结果显示:当饲料中维生素E水平从8.9 mg/kg增加39.7 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05);当饲料中维生素E水平从39.7 mg/kg增加到156.9 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率反而出现降低的趋势(P>0.05)。饲料中维生素E水平对幼蟹的饲料系数、成活率和蜕壳率均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹全蟹粗蛋白质、水分和粗灰分含量以及血清中总蛋白、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05),但对全蟹粗脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。随着饲料中维生素E水平的增加,血清溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性先升高后降低,当维生素E水平为39.7 mg/kg时,血清溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性最高。饲料中维生素E水平对幼蟹血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。血清中丙二醛含量随着饲料中维生素E水平的增加逐渐降低,当饲料中维生素E水平增加到156.9 mg/kg时,血清中丙二醛含量最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。以特定生长率为评价指标,通过折线模型分析得出三疣梭子蟹幼蟹维生素E的适宜需求量为39.0 mg/kg(饲料干重)。An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E level on growth performance, serum non-specific immune anti-oxidant indices of juvenile swimming crab （ Portunus tribuecula- tus）. Juvenile swimming crab with an average body weight about of （5.94±0.17） g were used as test object. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were formulated to contain 8.9, 19.6, 27.0, 39.7, 77.6 and 156.9 mg/kg vitamin E, respectively. Each experimental diet fed 60 crab, and per 20 crab as a replicate. Re- suits showed that weight gain rate （WGR） and specific growth rate （SGR） were significantly increased with dietary vitamin E level increasing from 8.9 to 39.7 mg/kg （P〈0.05） ; however, WGR and SGR showed a de- crease trend when dietary vitamin E level exceeded 39.7 mg/kg （P〉0.05）. Dietary vitamin E level had no sig- nificant effects on the feed conversion ratio, survival rate and molting rate of juvenile crab among all groups （P〉0.05）. Crude protein, moisture and ash contents in whole body and total protein, triglyceride and glucose contents in serum were not significantly affected by dietary vitamin E level （P〉0.05）, while crude lipid con- tent in whole body was significantly influenced by dietary vitamin E level （P〈0.05）. Lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in serum were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary vitamin E level increas- ing, and the highest activities of lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in serum were found when dietary vitamin E level was 39.7 mg/kg. Dietary vitamin E level had no significant effect on serum superoxide dis- mutase （SOD） activity （ P 〉 0.05 ）, however, serum malondialdehyde （MDA） content was gradually de- creased with dietary vitamin E level increasing, and crabs fed the diet containing 156.9 mg/kg vitamin E had the lowest serum MDA content which significantly lower than that in 8.9 mg/kg group （P〈0.05）. Based on broken-line regression analysis of the SGR, the optimal v

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹幼蟹 维生素E 生长性能 抗氧化指标 非特异性免疫指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]