黄河口典型潮滩湿地土壤净氮矿化与硝化作用  

Net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in the tidal marsh soils of the Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：牟晓杰[1] 孙志高[2,3] 刘兴土[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [2]福建师范大学地理研究所,湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福建福州350007 [3]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,海岸带环境过程重点实验室,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2015年第5期1466-1473,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41171424;41371104;41301085);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB430401);福建师范大学引进人才科研启动项目

摘　　要：采用PVC顶盖埋管原位培育法研究了黄河口典型潮滩湿地土壤净氮矿化与净硝化作用的动态变化特征、影响因素及净氮矿化/硝化量.结果表明,高潮滩湿地（LW）、中潮滩湿地（JP1）和低潮滩湿地（JP2）0~15cm土壤无机氮含量具有明显的季节变化特征,NH4＋-N含量表现为LW〉JP1〉JP2,NO3--N含量则表现为JP1〉LW〉JP2.3种湿地土壤净氮矿化/硝化速率均呈明显的波动变化.生长季的净氮矿化量分别为27.81、11.90和0.33kg/hm^2,净硝化量分别为12.09、15.99和1.19kg/hm^2,净硝化量占净氮矿化量的百分比分别为43.47%、100.00%和100.00%.相关分析表明,湿地土壤净氮矿化量与土壤水分含量呈显著负相关,而土壤净氮硝化量与土壤p H值呈显著负相关.3种潮滩湿地土壤在维持无机氮方面的能力整体表现为LW〉JP1〉JP2,说明从氮循环角度高潮滩湿地系统最为稳定,而低潮滩湿地系统的稳定性最差.The dynamics of inorganic N pool, N net mineralization/nitrification rates, and their affecting tactors in the tidal marsh soils in the Yellow River Estuary were investigated by an in situ incubation approach with top-closed PVC tubes. Results showed that soil inorganic N concentrations in the high marsh （LW）, middle marsh （JP1） and low marsh （JP2） had significantly dynamic characteristics. The NH4＋-N concentrations were the highest in LW, in the order ofLW 〉 JP1 〉 JP2, while NO3--N concentrations presented JP1 〉 LW 〉 JP2. The soil N net mineralization/nitrification rates in the three marshes showed a clear seasonal dynamics. The net mineralized N in LW, JP 1 and JP2 in the growing season were 27.81, 11.90 and 0.33kg/hm2, the net nitrified N were 12.09, 15.99 and 1.19kg/hm2, and the percentage of nitrified N in mineralized N were 43.47%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively. The net mineralized N was significantly correlated with soil water content, while the net nitrified N was significantly correlated with soil pH. The inorganic N-maintaining capacity of the three marshes presented LW 〉 JP1 〉 JP2, suggesting that, from the standpoint of N cycling, the high marsh was more stable, while the stability of low marsh were the lowest.

关 键 词：滨海湿地 矿化作用 硝化作用 黄河口 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]