木质素解聚和加氢脱氧的进展  

Advances in depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin

作　　者：孔劼琛 骆治成 李愽龙 吴浏璧 何鸣元[1] 赵晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市绿色化学与化工过程绿色化重点实验室华东师范大学化学系,上海200062

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2015年第5期510-525,共16页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：上海市浦江人才计划(14PJ1403500)资助

摘　　要：木质素是一种芳环结构来源丰富且价格低廉的可再生资源.每年制浆造纸工业和酶解纤维素制备乙醇工艺产生大量废弃木质素,但利用率只有2%.因此从资源利用和环境保护角度都应重视木质素(尤其是废弃木质素)的研究与应用.近几十年来,木质素转化的研究进展相对缓慢,主要的木质素解聚技术包括催化裂化、水解、金属(含硫和非硫)促进还原和氧化等.解聚产物加氢脱氧的精制技术包括气相和液相的金属(含硫和非硫)催化加氢脱氧酚类混合物为烷烃和芳烃等.本文从催化剂、反应条件、反应机理及催化剂失活等方面综述了国内外木质素解聚和解聚产物进一步加氢脱氧的主要进展及存在的主要问题,并针对当前的技术路线和未来的重点研究方向等提出了建议和展望.Lignin is a renewable and available resource rich in aromatic rings. Abundant waste lignin can be produced from the pulp and paper industry as well as bioethanol technology derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. However, the lignin conversion is as low as 2%. From the viewpoint of resource utilization and environmental conservation, the importance of efficient use of lignin, especially of waste lignin, should be addressed. The research progress on converting of lignin is relatively slow in the last decades, and the main techniques include catalytic cracking, hydrolysis, （sulfur-containing or sulfur-free） metals catalyzed reduction and oxidation. After depolymerization, the further upgrading of derived phenolic fragments uses （sulfur-containing or sulfur-free） metals to remove the oxygens to form the final alkanes and aromatics. The purpose of this review is to summary the progress of depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin such as catalysts, reaction conditions, reaction mechanisms, deactivation of catalysts. We also present the suggestions and outlooks concerning on the current techniques and further directions towards key researches.

关 键 词：木质素高 分子解聚 C-O键断裂 酚类中间物 加氢脱氧 生物汽油 芳烃 

分 类 号：O636.2[理学—高分子化学]