基于冰对结构物作用力的莱州湾海冰灾害预警流程研究  

Study on the Program Flow of Ice Hazards Based on the Ice Forces on Structures

作　　者：郭可彩[1,2] 曹丛华[1,2] 江崇波[1,2] 张丽敏[3] 李志军[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266033 [2]国家海洋局北海预报中心,山东青岛266033 [3]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《数学的实践与认识》2015年第9期111-117,共7页Mathematics in Practice and Theory

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项重大经费项目-渤海海冰立体监测及高精度预警报技术研究示范(201105016);国家自然科学基金(51221961;41376186)

摘　　要：通过水文气象要素实现对冰基本物理和力学性质参数的评估,结合不同类型结构物承受冰作用力的计算方法,实现对结构物实时承受冰作用力的评价.在此基础上实现对结构物所承受作用力与该结构物设计抗冰能力的比较,并将该比值作为预警关键指标.以直立结构物为例,建立了依据结构物的安全运营、正常的生产作业和人员舒适度三方面的综合预警阈值,形成完整的预警流程.在实践中,需要针对具体结构物类型,一是根据结构物操作规程和经验积累调整阈值的范围;二是继续积累不同破坏方式的大应变速率(位移速率)的冰强度试验统计结果.The ice forces on a structure can be evaluated following the evaluation of ice physical and mechanical properties from hydrometeor and the ice forces calculation modes of ice forces on different kinds of structures. Based on the calculated ice forces, the ratio between the forces and the corresponding design forces can be obtained and be regarded as the key risk pre-waxning index. For example, the impact forces on vertical structures need uniaxial compressive strength, the program t^ow of risk pre^warning is shown based on the index under considering the structure safety, regular operation and human comfortable. In practice, based on the real engineering structure types, the range of the index can be adjusted following the operation rules and operation experiences, and the experimental relations of ice strength under large strain rate or speed need to be collected.

关 键 词：海冰 物理性质 力学性质 孔隙率 预警 冰管理 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学]