柴油微乳化对柴油机性能影响研究  

STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINE FUELLED WITH MICRO-EMULSIFIED DIESEL

作　　者：胡鹏[1] 孙平[1] 宁海强[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2015年第5期1053-1059,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50976051);江苏省研究生创新计划(CXZZ12_0675);江苏高校优势学科建设工程(苏政办发[2011]6号)

摘　　要：基于亲油-亲水平衡(HLB值)理论和微乳化原理,选择OP4/OP7复配的表面活性剂配置柴油、表面活性剂、水的质量比为15∶2∶1的微乳化柴油,研究该微乳化柴油在柴油机上的应用。在增压中冷型柴油机上进行微乳化柴油的性能台架试验,并与柴油进行对比分析。结果表明:与柴油相比,中小负荷时微乳化柴油的压力曲线和放热率曲线均向后移,燃烧始点滞后,燃油消耗率明显增加,而在大负荷时两者的上述参数较接近;由于水分强化燃烧,微乳化柴油燃烧持续期缩短、燃烧更加完全、放热更加集中;发动机燃用微乳化柴油的有效热效率在中高负荷时高于原柴油机,在低负荷时低于原柴油机。发动机燃用微乳化柴油时,NOx和烟度排放均降低,而CO和HC的排放量有不同程度的上升。微乳化柴油可直接用于增压中冷型发动机,但需调整中低负荷的标定参数。According to Hydrophile Lipophile Balance （HLB）theory diesel, containing 15 g of diesel, 2 g of surfactants and I g of water, was and emulsification principles, micro-emulsion prepared by OP4/OP7 compound surfactants. In order to study the application of micro-emulsion diesel on diesel engines, the performance of the fuel were investigated on a turbo-charged intercooled diesel engine. Results indicated that compared with the engine fuelled diesel, when the diesel engine fuelled with micro-emulsion diesel at low load, the pressure curve and heat release rate curve obviously retard, the timing of combustion is delayed, and specific fuel consumption is reduced. However, these parameters are almost the same at heavy load. Since the water of micro-emulsion diesel can strengthen the combustion, its combustion durations are shortened, the cylinder combustion is improved, and the heat release is more concentrated. The thermal efficiency is higher than that of diesel operation at medium and high engine loads, but lower at low loads. The results of exhaust emission tests based on 13-mode cycle showed that NOx smoke emission are considerably reduced, but HC and CO are increased in different degrees. The micro-emulsified diesel can be used with no engine alterations or modifications, when calibration parameters could be adjusted at low-medium loads.

关 键 词：柴油机 微乳化柴油 燃烧 经济性 排放 

分 类 号：TK421.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]