高压交流输电线路曝露场强限值下人体感应电场和感应电流分析  

Induced Electric Field and Induced Current Analysis of Human Body at Exposure Limits of Electric Field Generated by HVAC Transmission Lines

作　　者：马爱清[1] 王淑情 张绮华 张周胜[1] 李峰[1] 赵璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海电力学院电气工程学院,上海200090

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第5期1637-1643,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51007055);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(12YZ141);上海绿色能源并网工程技术研究中心项目资助(13DZ2251900)~~

摘　　要：人体处于高压交流输电线路下方时,会产生静电感应和电磁感应。当感应电压和感应电流数值过大时,会对人体造成伤害,为此国际非电离辐射防护委员会(ICNIRP)以及IEEE规定了人体在高压输电线路不同曝露情形下的曝露场强限值。首先运用有限元法,考虑人体对地绝缘和人体接地2种情况,分析了高压输电线路曝露场强典型限值下人体所产生的感应电压和感应场强的大小;接着利用解析法计算了不同曝露限值下的人体感应电流、感应电荷密度以及感应电流密度;最后将计算结果与ICNIRP导则给出的曝露限值进行了比较。结果表明,人体处于职业曝露限值场强10 kV/m下,人体内部最大感应场强为2.082×10-3 kV/m,感应电流密度为0.176 m A/m2,接近或低于ICNIRP导则规定的限值范围,不会对人体造成不适感。Electromagnetic and electrostatic induction will be generated by power frequency electric field when the hu- man body is standing under high voltage alternating current （HVAC） transmission lines. If the induced voltage and current are extremely large, it will be harmful to human body. Therefore, exposure limits for human body under HVAC transmis- sion lines have been set by international commission on non-ionizing radiation protection （ICNIRP） and IEEE standard in the different exposure scenarios. Firstly, we calculated and analyzed the induced voltage and electric field of human body under HVAC transmission lines by the finite element method at the typical exposure limits with the grounded and un- grounded situations. Secondly, we calculated the corresponding induced current, induced charge density, and induced electric current density by the analytic method. Finally, calculated data were compared with the limits set by ICNIRP. The results show that maximum induced electric field intensity inside human body is 2.082～10-3 kV/m and induced current density of human body is 0.176 mA/m2 at the occupational exposure limit 10 kV/m. The data of induced voltage and cur- rent density are near or below limits set by ICNIRP guideline. So it will not cause discomfort to the human body under the electric field generated by HVAC transmission lines.

关 键 词：高压交流输电线路 曝露限值 人体 感应电场 感应电流 感应电荷密度 感应电流密度 

分 类 号：TM751[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]