等价观测理论的可变参数序贯平差模型  

Sequential adjustment model regarding variable parameters based on theory of Equivalent Observation

作　　者：植江瑜 夏林元[2] 夏敬潮[3] 汪中洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [2]中山大学遥感与地理信息工程系,广州510275 [3]武汉大学卫星导航与定位技术研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘科学》2015年第5期125-131,共7页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071284)

摘　　要：针对序贯平差中常遇到的未知参数增减的问题,文章提出了基于等价观测理论的可变参数序贯平差模型,并进一步得出其对应的验后单位权中误差模型,其公式形式要比传统模型简单得多,非常便于计算机编程实现;采用卫星高度角模型作为单点定位验前随机模型,较好地减少了卫星观测值的随机误差。最后采用等价模型和传统模型分别对GPS/GLONASS静态单点定位不同的伪距观测值组合进行解算,实验结果表明:所提出模型的定位解算结果与传统模型完全一致,且其精度与传统模型相当,具有较强的实用性。Aiming at the common problem that unknown parameters increase or decrease in sequential adjustment, the paper proposed a sequential adjustment model regarding variable parameters based on the theory of equivalent observations, and the corresponding posteriori unit weight mean error models were proposed then. The patterns of the equivalent models were simpler than those of traditional ones, which makes them easy access to computer programming. And using the satellite elevation model as prior stochas- tic model of single point positioning reduced the stochastic errors of satellite observations effectively. Finally, different combinations of pseudo-range observations of GPS/GLONASS static single point positioning were calculated by using the proposed model and the traditional ones. Result showed that the method would have good positioning results consistent with the traditional ones, which would provide a reference for related study.

关 键 词：等价观测理论 虚拟观测值 序贯平差 可变参数 GPS/GLONASS单点定位 

分 类 号：TB22[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]