不同施钾量对木薯产量和淀粉积累的影响研究  

Effects of different potassium levels on Cassava yield and starch accumulation

作　　者：罗璇[1] 罗兴录[1,2] 王战[1] 阮剑秋 陈会鲜 樊吴静[1] 单忠英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第7期5-11,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2010CB126601);广西科技攻关项目(桂科重14121005-2-1);南宁市科学研究与开发项目(201109044B);国家现代农业产业体系广西薯类创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-03-11-2)

摘　　要：以木薯品种新选048为材料,分别在块根形成期、块根膨大前期、块根膨大中期和工艺成熟期对不同施钾处理的木薯块根产量、淀粉含量、块根性状、净光合速率、株高、茎粗、各器官蔗糖含量和全钾含量等进行测定。结果表明:苗期施钾肥不仅能促进木薯块根发育期茎叶生长,提高中后期净光合速率和块根淀粉积累速率,同时还可有效提高木薯块根、茎秆、叶片全钾含量。同时随着施钾量的增加,木薯块根产量、淀粉含量及淀粉产量也均逐渐增加,其中K2O 450 kg/hm2处理木薯块根产量、淀粉含量及淀粉产量最高,与空白对照相比,其木薯块根产量增加63.91%,淀粉含量增加9.49%,淀粉产量增加79.46%。可见,增施钾肥是提高木薯产量和淀粉产量的有效措施,施用量以K2O 450 kg/hm2为宜。Field experiments were conducted with Xin Xuan 048 in tuber formation,early-bulging,middle-bulging and technical maturity stage in 2013 to study the change of root yield,starch content,root traits,net photosynthetic rate,plant height,stem diameter,sucrose content and total potassium content in different organs of Cassava under the condition. The results indicated that Cassava starch content,starch yield and root yield significantly improved under the K1 treatment. Compared with the control without K addition,starch content increased by 9.49%,starch yield increased by 79.46%,and the root yield increased by 63.91%. When K2 O application was 150 kg/hm2-450,the Cassava root yield,starch content and starch yield increased with the quantity of K increasing. Potassium fertilizer application at seedling stage could not only promote the growth of stems and leaves at early stage,increase net photosynthetic rate,but also improve the total potassium content of Cassava tuber and the filling rate of starch at the middle filling stage. Obviously,under the condition of moderate fertility soil,increasing potassium fertilizer application was an effective measure to improve the yield and starch content of Cassava.

关 键 词：木薯 施钾量 产量 淀粉积累 

分 类 号：S533.062[农业科学—作物学]