真空感应炉冶炼钢锭常见缺陷成因分析及解决措施  

Cause analysis and solutions of common defects in ingots smelted by vacuum induction melting furnace

作　　者：刘建民 蒋涛 范金席 胡显军 

机构地区：[1]江苏省(沙钢)钢铁研究院,江苏张家港215625

出　　处：《真空》2015年第3期49-53,共5页Vacuum

摘　　要：真空感应冶炼一般采用模铸工艺,钢锭质量的好坏对其性能有非常大的影响。本文针对钢锭常见缺陷进行成因分析,通过不同的实验方案,采取选用合适的保温冒口、添加保温剂、降低中间包中钢液面的高度、提高浇注前期的浇注速度、提高浇注过程中搅拌功率等办法来提高钢锭质量。结果表明,硅酸铝纤维型保温冒口与保温剂配合使用,钢锭上部缩孔全部在冒口区域,且呈开放集中型;尽可能快地使中间包内钢液面高度达到中间包的1/4高度,钢锭表面的冷豆缺陷及渣皮缺陷会大大减少;在浇注过程中提高搅拌功率可降低钢锭的化学成分偏析。Mold casting process is generally used in vacuum induction smelting. The ingot quality has great influence on its per-formance. In this study, the causes of common ingot defects were analyzed, and through different experiment plans, multiple methods have been adopted to improve the ingot quality, such us choosing a suitable insulated feeder, adding thermal insulating agent, reducing the steel liquid level in tundish, increasing the pouring speed in the early stage, enhancing the stirring power in pouring, etc. The results show that all the shrinkage cavities are on the upper ingot part, open and concentrated, focus on the feeder reigon, on the basis of the use of aluminum silicate fiber insulating riser with the thermal insulating agent; the steel liquid level should reach 1/4 height of the tundish as soon as possible, and cold shot defects and slag crust defects on the ingot surface will be reduced to a lower level; enhancing the stirring power in pouring can reduce the chemical composition segregation of the ingot.

关 键 词：真空感应炉 缺陷 解决办法 

分 类 号：TF133[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]