南宁市某社区居民慢性病及其危险因素变化趋势分析  

The changing trend of chronic disease prevalence and its related risk factors in Nanning community residents

作　　者：周芳华[1] 周吉[1] 叶琳[1] 江珊[1] 杨建敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心慢性病防制科,广西530023

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2015年第5期413-415,共3页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

基　　金：广西卫计委科研课题(编号:Z2013712)

摘　　要：目的了解南宁市某社区居民慢性病及其危险因素的变化趋势。方法使用同一个心血管危险因素调查表分别在2007年、2012年调查南宁市某社区居民主要慢性病及其危险因素情况,并进行体格检查及统计学分析。结果 2007年高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和脑卒中患病率分别为22.8%、14.4%、4.2%和2.7%;现在吸烟率、过去12个月饮酒率、中心性肥胖率、肥胖率分别为23.1%、22.0%、60.8%和9.8%。2012年高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和脑卒中患病率分别为23.2%、19.4%、8.3%和2.8%。现在吸烟率、过去12个月饮酒率、中心性肥胖率、肥胖率分别为17.5%、19.4%、68.1%和16.8%。与2007年相比,2012年高脂血症患病率和糖尿病患病率呈上升趋势(χ2=4.536,P=0.033和χ2=7.280,P=0.007)。中心性肥胖率、肥胖率呈上升趋势(χ2=5.655,P=0.017和χ2=10.858,P=0.001)。现在吸烟率呈下降趋势(χ2=4.779,P=0.029)。高血压和脑卒中患病率、过去12个月饮酒率变化不大(χ2=0.018、0.017、0.989,P=0.892、0.898、0.320)。结论 5年间,南宁市某社区居民高脂血症、糖尿病患病率、肥胖率及中心性肥胖率显著上升,现在吸烟率稍有下降,应采取控制合理膳食和加强体育锻炼等针对性的"吃动两平衡"行为干预措施,重点控制高脂血症、糖尿病和肥胖的发生;继续加大控烟、限酒等宣传力度,减缓慢性病危险因素的上升速度。[ Abstratc] Obje ctive To study the changing trend of chronic disease and its related risk factors in Nanning community residents.Methods The certain community residents in Nanning were investigated using the same ques-tionnaire in 2007 and 2012, respectively.The survey items included smoking, drinking risk factors, and physical ex-amination.The comparative analysis was done statistically.Results In 2007, the prevalences of hypertension, hy-perlipidemia, diabetes and stroke were 22.8%, 14.4%, 4.2%and 2.7%respectively;The current smoking rate, drinking rate over the past 12 months, central obesity rate, and obesity rate were 23.1%, 22.0%, 60.8% and 9.8%respectively.In 2012, the prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and stroke were 23.2%, 19.4%, 8.3%and 2.8%respectively;The rate of current smoking, drinking rate over the past 12 months, central obesity rate, and obesity rate were 17.5%, 19.4%, 68.1%and 16.8%respectively.Compared with 2007, the hy-perlipidemia and diabetes prevalence in 2012 were significantly elevated（χ2 =4.536, 7.280, P=0.033, 0.007）. Central obesity and obesity rates were on the rise significantly（χ2 =5.655, 10.858, P=0.017, 0.001）.Neverthe-less, the current smoking rate was on the decline（χ2 =4.779, P=0.029）.Hypertension and stroke prevalence, drinking rate changed little（χ2 =0.018, 0.017, 0.989, P=0.892, 0.898, 0.320）.Conclusion The prevalences of hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and central obesity are on the remarkable rise, while current smoking rate is on the decline a bit during the last 5 years in Nanning community residents.The proper diet and physical exercise suchnbsp;as“eat-move balanced” behavior intervention should be better to control the hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity. More measures should be taken for tobacco and alcohol control.

关 键 词：慢性病 患病率 危险因素 糖尿病 肥胖 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]