华南地区5种野生灌木的抗旱性评价  

Evaluation of drought resistance of five wild shrub species in South China

作　　者：蔡静如 钱瑭璜 雷江丽 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司,深圳518040 [2]深圳市中科院仙湖植物园深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室,深圳518004

出　　处：《生态科学》2015年第2期94-103,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：深圳市战略性新兴产业发展专项资金项目(GCZX20120618100801416)

摘　　要：选取华南地区常见的野生灌木春花(Rhaphiolepis indica)、米碎花(Eurya chinensis)、檵木(Loropetalum chinense)、黑面神(Breynia fruticosa)和野牡丹(Melastoma candidum)为试材,以边坡复绿常用外来种伞房决明(Cassia corymbosa)做对照,采用PEG模拟干旱胁迫方法进行苗期处理,探讨其在不同的PEG浓度(5%、10%、20%)和不同胁迫时间(24 h、48 h)条件下生理指标的变化规律,并对其抗旱性进行综合评价,旨为华南地区裸露边坡生态修复筛选优良耐旱灌木。结果表明:随着胁迫程度加剧,各物种的叶片相对含水量均有不同幅度的下降,在重度胁迫下仍保持较高含水量的物种有春花、伞房决明、檵木和黑面神;相对电导率和丙二醛含量均随胁迫时间延长而增加;脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量则随胁迫时间延长呈先升后降和持续增加两种变化趋势,因不同物种而异。以各生理指标的平均变化速率为原始数据进行主成分分析得出,6种灌木抗旱性强弱依次排序为:檵木>春花>米碎花>伞房决明>黑面神>野牡丹。Five wild shrub species of South China, Rhaphiolepis indica, Eurya chinensis, Loropetalum chinense, Breynia fruticosa and Melastoma candidum were treated under PEG-6000 stress compared to Cassia corymbosa which was a common exotic species of slope greening. The changes of physiology indicators were discussed under different PEG6000 concentrations （5% PEG, 10%PEG, 20%PEG） and different stress duration time （24 h, 48 h）. We made comprehensive estimation of drought resistance which could select good shrubs of strong drought-resistant capability for vegetation restoration of exposed slopes. Results showed that the relative water content was all decreased, and that of R. indica, C. corymbosa, L. chinense, B. fruticosa was remained high level under severe stress treatment; relative electrical conductivity and content of MDA were increased with prolonging stress duration; there were two trends of change in contents of soluble sugar and free proline, increasing and then decreasing and increasing with prolonging duration, which depended on different species. The drought resistance of plants was evaluated by principal component analysis based on the average rate of change in physiological indexes. The drought resistant capability decreased in the order as follows： L. chinense〉R, indica〉E, chinensis〉C. corymbosa〉 B. fruticosa〉 M. candidum.

关 键 词：PEG 野生灌木 抗旱性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q178.532[生物学—水生生物学]