某小学一起诺如病毒急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病原学分析  

Etiology analysis of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by norovirus

作　　者：张冲[1] 张兰荣[1] 张扬[1] 邹林[1] 王润萍[1] 高志勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第9期1394-1396,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(7132045)

摘　　要：目的确定某小学一起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病因。方法采集病例粪便标本和环境涂抹标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测病毒核酸。阳性标本采用一步法RT-PCR扩增诺如病毒衣壳蛋白区部分基因,将PCR产物直接测序。采用MEGA 5.0软件进行序列比对和进化分析。结果 12份粪便标本中9份呈诺如病毒阳性,检出率为75.0%,7份环境涂抹标本呈诺如病毒阴性。6份粪便标本诺如病毒衣壳蛋白区RT-PCR扩增呈阳性,其基因序列同源性为100%,均为GⅠ.6型。进化分析显示GⅠ.6型诺如病毒有2个分支,本研究命名为GⅠ.6A和GⅠ.6B。本研究所得毒株位于GⅠ.6B,与日本2012年(Gen Bank登录号AB901031)、2013年(Gen Bank登录号AB779748)报告的毒株相比同源性最高。结论该起暴发疫情由GⅠ.6型诺如病毒引起,其与日本近年同型流行株亲缘关系较近。Objective To determine the cause of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in a primary school. Methods Stool and environmental samples were collected and noroviruses were detected using real time RT - PCR. The capsid genes of noroviruses were amplified by one step RT - PCR and PCR products were sequenced directly. Multiple sequence alignments were perfo .rmed and phylogenetic tree was constructed by Mega software （5.0）. Results Twelve Stool specimens were collected from patients, and noroviruses were detected in 9 cases with the detection rate of 75.0% , while environmental swab samples were norovirus - negative. Six sequences of capsid gene were obtained, and they shared the same nucleotide sequence and belonged to norovirus G I . 6 genotype. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that norovirus G I . 6 genotype were clustered into two branches, named G I . 6A and G I. 6B. G I. 6 strains in this study belonged to G I. 6B, which shared the higher nucleotide identity with two strains from Japan （GenBank accession AB901031, AB779748 ） , submitted in 2012, 2013 respectively. Conclusion This outbreak was caused by G I . 6 genotype noroviruses, which had a close relationship with those strains of same genotype isolated in Japan in recent years.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 急性胃肠炎 暴发 基因型 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]