新疆精河县不同人工植被对小气候的影响  

Effects of different types of artificial vegetations on microclimate in Jinghe County,Xinjiang

作　　者：宁虎森[1] 朱雅娟[2] 吉小敏[1] 罗青红[1] 贾志清[2] 张友焱[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2015年第5期64-68,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家"十二.五"科技支撑项目研究任务"古尔班通古特沙漠绿洲防护体系与农牧业综合开发试验示范研究(2012BAD16B0305)"和"优良固沙植物材料筛选及其配套技术研究(2012 BAD16B0102)"资助

摘　　要：精河县是新疆准噶尔盆地生态环境变化的重点区域之一。文中选择当地的4种典型人工植被为研究对象,包括杨树林、杨树+沙枣林、葡萄田和棉花田。通过监测4种人工植被内的风速、气温、相对湿度以及土壤温度和体积含水量,评价它们对小气候的影响。结果表明:与荒漠相比,4种人工植被都能够有效降低风速,同时在一定程度上调节气温,增加相对湿度,降低土壤温度。葡萄田和棉花田改善了土壤水分条件,但是杨树林和杨树+沙枣林的土壤水分条件较差。建议当地今后加强对防护林的水分管理。Jinghe County is one of the areas where the ecological environment changed greatly in Junggar Basin,Xinjiang. Four typical artificial vegetations,including two shelterbelts（ poplar,poplar ＋ Elaeagnus angustifolia） and two farmlands（ grape and cotton）,were chosen to study their effect on microclimate through monitoring wind speed,air temperature,relative humidity,soil temperature and volumetric water content. The results showed that four types of artificial vegetations reduced the wind speed effectively,and regulated air temperature,increased relative humidity,reduced soil temperature to some extent. Two farmlands improved soil water condition; however,soil water conditions in two shelterbelt were worse than desert. It is suggested that water management of shelterbelt should be improved in future.

关 键 词：防护林 农田 小气候 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S716[农业科学—林学] Q948.1[生物学—植物学]