中国对外卫生援助决策和管理机制的演变  

Evolution of the Decision-making and Management Systems of Chinese Foreign Heakh Assistance

作　　者：刘培龙[1] 王昱[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部,100191

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2015年第2期61-72,6,共12页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：中国开展对外卫生援助已有50多年的历史,援外医疗队是中国在卫生领域开始最早的援助形式。随着时间的推移,中国对外卫生援助的形式逐步多样化。就决策和管理机制而言,中国对外卫生援助分由两个部门负责:对外派遣医疗队由卫生部门主管,其他援外形式由商务部负责。几十年中,虽然这两个体系都经历了变化,但条块分割、缺乏政策一致的状况一直存在。中国对外卫生援助决策和管理机制演变所体现的特点,折射出中国整体援外机制的特点,也是中国总体外交机制变化的一个缩影。针对这些特点,需要改革对外援助决策和管理体系,加强对外援助专业领域政策一致性,加速对外援助法律框架建设和国家对外援助战略的制定。China's foreign health assistance has a history of over 50 years, with dispatching medical teams as its earliest form. With the passage of time, China's health assistance has gradually become diversified. In terms of decision-making and management systems, China's health assistance falls under the responsibility of two governmental agencies :t he National Health and Family Planning Commission( former Ministry of Health) responsible for dispatching medical teams, and the Ministry of Commerce in charge of the rest of health assistance. Over the past several decades, the two systems have both undergone changes,but a stovepiped system and lack of policy coherence have been the persistent problems. The characteristics of the evolution in the decision-making and management systems of Chinese foreign health assistance reflect that of China's entire foreign aid system as well as the overall diplomatic system. In light of those problems, it is necessary to reform the decision-making and management systems of foreign aid, to strengthen policy coherence, and to accelerate foreign aid legislation as well as formulation of a national strategy of foreign aid.

关 键 词：全球卫生治理 卫生外交 对外援助 外交决策机制 援助机制 

分 类 号：R197.8[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] D822[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]