艾滋病感染者及患者生命质量的现况及其相关因素分析  

Quality of life and its influencing factors among individuals with HIV/AIDS

作　　者：陈宇婧[1] 李星明[2] 袁晓青[3] 福燕[3] 高美霞[3] 陈艳霞[3] 孙盈红[3] 周梦戈 刘钟应[1] 徐凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院 [3]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2015年第5期333-338,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2013年首都中医药及护理学研究专项(13HL02)

摘　　要：目的了解并分析影响艾滋病病毒感染者及患者生命质量的相关人口学因素。方法应用SF-36健康调查量表(the Mos 36-item Short Form Health Survey)中文版评价艾滋病病毒感染者及患者的生命质量,同时调查可能影响生命质量的人口学特征。依据数据非正态分布的特点选择Kruskal-Wallis检验、Z检验,对可能影响生命质量的人口学特征进行单因素分析;运用logistic回归模型分析8个维度的影响因素。结果 401例艾滋病病毒感染者及患者(HIV/AIDS)生命质量8个维度的平均得分为生理功能PF(93.02±10.97)分、生理职能RP(57.53±30.82)分、躯体疼痛BP(93.21±15.43)分、总体健康GH(52.36±7.66)分、活力VT(57.29±9.69)分、社会功能SF(49.18±10.85)分、情感职能RE(58.05±33.76)分、精神健康MH(61.74±11.51)分、生命质量总分(522.38±73.55)。除PF(Z=6.39,P=0.00)和BP(Z=16.98,P=0.00)外,其余维度得分均低于正常人群:RP(Z=-18.80,P=0.00),GH(Z=-23.01,P=0.00),VT(Z=-33.54,P=0.00),SF(Z=-77.90,P=0.00),RE(Z=-18.03,P=0.00)。年龄大、离婚、低文化程度、低家庭月收入及流动人口的HIV/AIDS生命质量得分较低。结论今后可通过加强AIDS的宣传教育来消除歧视,并主要通过提高人们的经济收入和教育文化水平改善HIV/AIDS群体的生命质量。而医保的作用仍有待进一步深入研究。Objective To assess the quality of life（QOL）of individuals with HIV/AIDS and to identify its influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 401 individuals with HIV/AIDS to assess their QOL by Chinese version of SF-36,and demographic features related to QOL were also analyzed.Kruskal-Wallis and Ztest were used for single factor analysis due to the abnormal distribution of data and Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between eight dimensions and the potential influencing factors. Results The average scores of PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,SF,RE and MH were（93.02±10.97）,（57.53±30.82）,（93.21±15.43）,（52.36±7.66）,（57.29±9.69）,（49.18±10.85）,（58.05±33.76）and（61.74±11.51）,respectively,among 401 individuals with HIV/AIDS,which were significantly lower compared to normal individuals except for the scores of PF and BP.The analysis revealed that age,marriage status,educational level,family monthly income were major influencing factors related to QOL.Those were old,divorced,with lower education level,or with low family income or were not permanent residence usually had lower scores. Conclusions In order to improve the quality of life of individuals with HIV/AIDS,health education for AIDS needs to be strengthened to eliminate the discrimination,together with increased family income and education level.However,whether health insurance could influence the QOL needs to be further assessed.

关 键 词：艾滋病感染者及患者 人口学特征 生命质量 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]